Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune-mediated disease that damages the central nervous system. MS pathophysiological features are not entirely understood, but the increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) possibly causes myelin and oligodendrocyte degeneration. ROS-increased production generates new compounds through oxidative modifications, including advanced oxidative protein products (AOPPs). The AOPPs are oxidative stress biomarkers and inflammatory mediators commonly formed by hypochlorous acid oxidative action on albumin. Considering that AOPPs accumulation produces ROS and induces neuronal apoptosis, these may represent a new target for drug development to MS treatment and a possible biomarker to monitor the severity of the disease. Thus, this review aims to investigate if there is an alteration in the AOPPs levels in MS and its possible involvement in patient disability. The second objective is to analyze whether drugs or compounds used in MS treatment could modify the AOPPs levels. The protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42020203268). The databases’ search yielded 327 articles. We excluded 259 duplicated articles and evaluated 68 articles by the title and abstract. We full-text analyzed 17 articles and included 13 articles. The AOPPs levels were increased in not-treated MS patients. Furthermore, the increase in disability status was associated with AOPPs accumulation in not-treated MS patients. Additionally, the AOPPs levels were reduced in MS patients after treatment. Therefore, AOPPs seem to play a role in MS pathophysiology and may become a new target for drug development and help MS diagnosis or treatment follow-up.

多发性硬化症 (MS) 是一种自身免疫介导的疾病，会损害中枢神经系统。MS的病理生理特征尚不完全清楚，但活性氧（ROS）的增加可能导致髓鞘和少突胶质细胞变性。ROS 增加的产量通过氧化修饰产生新的化合物，包括高级氧化蛋白质产物 (AOPP)。AOPPs 是氧化应激生物标志物和炎症介质，通常由次氯酸对白蛋白的氧化作用形成。考虑到 AOPPs 的积累会产生 ROS 并诱导神经元凋亡，这些可能代表了 MS 治疗药物开发的新靶点和监测疾病严重程度的可能生物标志物。因此，本综述旨在调查 MS 中 AOPPs 水平是否发生变化及其可能与患者残疾有关。第二个目标是分析用于 MS 治疗的药物或化合物是否可以改变 AOPPs 水平。该协议已在 PROSPERO (CRD42020203268) 中注册。数据库搜索产生了 327 篇文章。我们排除了 259 篇重复文章，并按标题和摘要评估了 68 篇文章。我们全文分析了 17 篇文章，包括 13 篇文章。未经治疗的 MS 患者的 AOPPs 水平升高。此外，残疾状态的增加与未经治疗的 MS 患者的 AOPPs 积累有关。此外，治疗后 MS 患者的 AOPPs 水平降低。所以，