Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune disease that affects multiple organs and tissues. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered a good source for autoimmune disease and hematological disease therapy. This review will summarize the efficacy, safety, and mechanisms of MSC therapy for SLE. MSC therapy can reduce anti-dsDNA, antinuclear antigen (ANA), proteinuria, and serum creatinine in SLE patients. In animal models of SLE, MSC therapy also indicates that it could reduce anti-dsDNA, ANA, proteinuria, and serum creatinine and ameliorate renal pathology. There are no serious adverse events, treatment-related mortality, or tumor-related events in SLE patients after stem cell treatment. MSCs can inhibit inflammatory factors, such as MCP-1 and HMGB-1, and inhibit inflammation-related signaling pathways, such as the NF-κB, JAK/STAT, and Akt/GSK3β signaling pathways, to alleviate the lesions in SLE.

中文翻译：

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系统性红斑狼疮干细胞治疗的安全性、效率和信号通路概述

系统性红斑狼疮 (SLE) 是一种影响多个器官和组织的自身免疫性疾病。间充质干细胞 (MSC) 被认为是自身免疫性疾病和血液病治疗的良好来源。本综述将总结 MSC 治疗 SLE 的疗效、安全性和机制。MSC治疗可降低SLE患者的抗dsDNA、抗核抗原（ANA）、蛋白尿和血清肌酐。在 SLE 的动物模型中，MSC 治疗也表明它可以降低抗 dsDNA、ANA、蛋白尿和血清肌酐，改善肾脏病理。SLE 患者在干细胞治疗后没有出现严重的不良事件、治疗相关死亡率或肿瘤相关事件。间充质干细胞可以抑制炎症因子，如 MCP-1 和 HMGB-1，并抑制炎症相关的信号通路，如 NF-κ B、JAK/STAT 和 Akt/GSK3 β信号通路，以减轻 SLE 的病变。