Protein acetylation and deacetylation catalysed by lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) and deacetylases (KDACs), respectively, are major mechanisms regulating various cellular processes. During the fight between microbial pathogens and host plants, both apply a set of measures, including acetylation interference, to strengthen themselves while suppressing the other. In this review, we first summarize KATs and KDACs in plants and their pathogens. Next, we introduce diverse acetylation and deacetylation mechanisms affecting protein functions, including the regulation of enzyme activity and specificity, protein–protein or protein-DNA interactions, subcellular localization and protein stability. We then focus on the current understanding of acetylation and deacetylation in plant–pathogen interactions. Additionally, we also discuss potential acetylation-related approaches for controlling plant diseases.

中文翻译：

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植物病原体相互作用中的蛋白质乙酰化和去乙酰化

分别由赖氨酸乙酰转移酶 (KAT) 和脱乙酰酶 (KDAC) 催化的蛋白质乙酰化和脱乙酰化是调节各种细胞过程的主要机制。在微生物病原体与宿主植物之间的斗争中，两者都采取了一系列措施，包括乙酰化干扰，以增强自身的同时抑制对方。在这篇综述中，我们首先总结了植物及其病原体中的 KAT 和 KDAC。接下来，我们介绍了影响蛋白质功能的多种乙酰化和去乙酰化机制，包括酶活性和特异性的调节、蛋白质-蛋白质或蛋白质-DNA 相互作用、亚细胞定位和蛋白质稳定性。然后，我们将重点放在目前对植物-病原体相互作用中乙酰化和去乙酰化的理解上。此外，