Land use change and extreme precipitation are the main challenges for tropical forests, and numerous studies have indicated that these changes could affect soil ecology. However, it is not yet known whether the soil legacy effect of ongoing changes could influence the invasiveness of alien plants. Two mixtures of invader and native species (Chromolaena odorata-Artemisia leucophylla and C. odorata-Desmodium sequax) were transplanted to 18 soil treatments (3 forest types × 3 pre-water supply levels × 2 microorganism treatments). The results showed that the biomass of the invader was greater while its biomass fraction was lower in secondary forest soil than in primary and rubber forest soil; the soil legacy effect of drought was positive on both the biomass and biomass fraction of C. odorata. In rubber plantation soil, the biomass and biomass fraction of C. odorata were enhanced by the pre-increased water supply level. In primary and rubber forests, compared with normal precipitation, the sterilization treatment increased the biomass of the invader under drought and increased precipitation. The nutrient cycle and microorganisms both played a crucial role in this process. Overall, our study demonstrated the pronounced soil legacy effect of land use change, extreme precipitation and their interactions on the invasion success of C. odorata.

土地利用变化和极端降水是热带森林面临的主要挑战，大量研究表明这些变化可能影响土壤生态。然而，目前尚不清楚持续变化的土壤遗留效应是否会影响外来植物的入侵。入侵者和本地物种的两种混合物（Chromolaena odorata - Artemisia leucophylla和C. odorata - Desmodium sequax) 移植到 18 个土壤处理（3 个森林类型 × 3 个供水前水平 × 2 个微生物处理）。结果表明，次生林土壤中入侵者生物量较大，而其生物量分数低于原生林和橡胶林土壤；干旱的土壤遗留影响的是生物量和生物质分数正下飞机草。在橡胶种植园土壤中，C. odorata的生物量和生物量分数预增加的供水水位增强了。在原始和橡胶林中，与正常降水相比，杀菌处理增加了干旱下入侵者的生物量，增加了降水。营养循环和微生物在这个过程中都发挥了至关重要的作用。总体而言，我们的研究证明了土地利用变化、极端降水及其相互作用对C. odorata入侵成功的显着土壤遗留效应。