Abstract

The key problem of paste filling technology lies in whether paste can meet the requirements of stope structural parameters on cementing strength, pipe transportation and mining methods on filling performance. The separated paste will cause serious wear and even pipe blockage in the pipeline transportation process. If the paste is separated in the stope, the strength of the filling body will be uneven, and accidents such as delamination and stacking will occur. The occurrence of these situations is extremely unfavorable to the filling operation. Just as the material determines the performance, in order to ensure the paste has excellent filling performance, it is necessary to systematically study the internal relationship between paste filling materials and filling performance. Paste is a complex suspension system composed of aggregate, water, cementing materials and additives. Compared with traditional low-concentration classified tailings slurry, it has the characteristics of wide particle size distribution, high solid content, strong chemical action on particle surface, etc. Under the interaction of these factors, paste presents macroscopic characteristics such as plasticity and stability. These macroscopic characteristics are embodied in rheology, that is, rheological characteristics of paste. The research shows that the rheological properties of paste are affected by the gradation, concentration and cementing material of filling material, and the change of gradation of filling material has the most significant effect on the rheological properties of paste. The change of the micro-level composition causes the change of the rheological properties of the paste on the macro level, thus causing the change of the paste filling performance. In the final analysis, the gradation of the traceable filling material is an important factor that determines the paste filling performance.

摘要

膏体充填技术的关键问题在于膏体能否满足采场结构参数对固井强度、管道输送和开采方式对充填性能的要求。分离出来的膏体在管道输送过程中会造成严重的磨损甚至堵管。如果膏体在采场内分离，会造成充填体强度不均，会发生分层、堆垛等事故。这些情况的发生对灌装作业极为不利。正如材料决定性能一样，为了保证膏体具有优良的填充性能，有必要系统地研究膏体填充材料与填充性能之间的内在关系。浆体是由骨料、水、胶结材料和添加剂。与传统的低浓度分级尾矿浆相比，具有粒度分布宽、固含量高、对颗粒表面化学作用强等特点，在这些因素的相互作用下，浆体呈现出可塑性、稳定性等宏观特性。这些宏观特征体现在流变学上，即膏体的流变学特征。研究表明，膏体的流变性能受填料级配、浓度和胶结材料的影响，其中填料级配的变化对膏体的流变性能影响最为显着。微观层面成分的变化引起宏观层面浆料流变性能的变化，从而引起膏体填充性能的变化。归根结底，可溯源填充材料的级配是决定膏体填充性能的重要因素。