Abstract

In order to study the application of nano carbon water retaining fertilizer in agricultural production, and to explore the effects of its use on the bacterial community structure of agricultural soil and crop growth, a series of experimental studies were carried out in a grape field. In this paper, the coated slow-release fertilizer with soluble nitrogen particles as the core and nano carbon materials wrapped in the outer layer of nitrogen fertilizer was developed. The grape field used in the experiment was divided into experimental field and control field. The new nano carbon water retaining fertilizer was applied in the experimental field and ordinary nitrogen fertilizer was applied in the control field. Through Illumina Miseq high-throughput sequencing, the diversity and richness of bacterial communities in the original soil without planting and the soil of two groups of grape fields after grape ripening were detected, and the grape leaf area, single fruit weight and horizontal diameter of grape, and the titratable acid content of grape fruit in the two fields were detected and calculated. The results showed that Shannon index and Chao1 index of soil bacterial community diversity in the experimental field were higher than those in the control field; the grape leaf area in the experimental field was larger than that in the control field in the early, middle and late stages of shoot growth, with a difference of 8.56cm2 in the later stage; the single fruit weight and transverse diameter of grape in the experimental field were 1.94 g and 2.72 mm larger than those in the control field at 100 days after flowering, respectively; The difference of titratable acid content in grape fruit was the largest at 70 days after anthesis, which was 0.25% and 0.05% at 100 days after flowering. The results showed that nano carbon water retaining fertilizer had significant effects on soil community structure and grape growth in grape field, which could effectively reduce the influence of planting and fertilization on soil bacterial community diversity and richness, promote the growth of grape leaves and fruits, and improve grape quality.

摘要

为研究纳米碳保水肥在农业生产中的应用，探索其使用对农业土壤细菌群落结构和作物生长的影响，在葡萄田中进行了一系列试验研究。本文研制了以可溶性氮颗粒为核心，纳米碳材料包裹在氮肥外层的包膜缓释肥。试验所用葡萄田分为试验田和对照田。试验田施用新型纳米碳保水肥，对照田施用普通氮肥。通过Illumina Miseq高通量测序，检测未种植的原土和葡萄成熟后两组葡萄田土壤中细菌群落的多样性和丰富度，葡萄叶面积、葡萄单果重和水平直径、葡萄可滴定酸含量对两个田间的果实进行检测和计算。结果表明，试验田土壤细菌群落多样性的香农指数和Chao1指数均高于对照田；试验地葡萄叶面积在地上部生长的早期、中、后期均大于对照地，后期相差8.56cm2；试验地葡萄单果重和横径分别为1.94 g和2。开花后100天分别比对照大72毫米；葡萄果实可滴定酸含量在花后70天差异最大，花后100天分别为0.25%和0.05%。结果表明，纳米碳保水肥对葡萄田土壤群落结构和葡萄生长有显着影响，可有效降低种植施肥对土壤细菌群落多样性和丰富度的影响，促进葡萄叶片和果实的生长，并提高葡萄品质。