The ground-penetrating radar (GPR) prospection method has rarely been used previously in Egyptian archaeology and never for a necropolis. Archaeologists have looked at GPR as a powerful method for exploring subsurface spatial patterns in the archaeological record without excavation. The results of the GPR survey were compared with the archaeological excavation outcomes on two archeological sites in Assiut. The first site is the temple located on a rocky bench on the northern slopes of El-Hamamia, the Eastern bank of the Nile (a part of El Badari civilization period, belongs to Predynastic cemeteries). The second is the rocky tomb at the Western bank of the Nile at Gahdem (belongs to the period from the IXth to the XXXth dynasty). The main purpose of this study is to correlate the types of reflections recorded from GPR profiles and high-amplitude features visible in amplitude maps with unearthed archaeological features. The applied software was able to process and analyse different digital data set with the given parameters. In each investigated archaeological area, the details of the GPR model are correlated level-by-level to the data of archeological excavations of ancient ages and data of the historical documents. Three-dimensional time-slices of the GPR data allow the identification of the enhanced targets of potential archaeological interest before planning excavation. Therefore, this research paper can be used as a benchmark to evaluate the efficiency of GPR method for identifying buried archaeological artifacts/vestiges for future archaeological prospection in Egypt.

中文翻译：

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探地雷达在埃及阿西乌特尼罗河东西两岸部分前朝和王朝考古遗址研究中的贡献

探地雷达（GPR）勘探方法以前很少用于埃及考古学，也从未用于墓地。考古学家将 GPR 视为一种无需挖掘即可在考古记录中探索地下空间模式的强大方法。将 GPR 调查的结果与 Assiut 的两个考古遗址的考古发掘结果进行了比较。第一个遗址是位于尼罗河东岸El-Hamamia北坡岩石长凳上的寺庙（El Badari文明时期的一部分，属于前王朝墓地）。二是位于加德姆尼罗河西岸的石墓（属于第九至第三十王朝时期）。本研究的主要目的是将探地雷达剖面记录的反射类型和振幅图中可见的高振幅特征与出土的考古特征相关联。应用软件能够处理和分析具有给定参数的不同数字数据集。在每个调查的考古区域中，GPR模型的细节与古代考古发掘数据和历史文献数据逐级关联。GPR 数据的 3D 时间片允许在计划挖掘之前识别具有潜在考古兴趣的增强目标。因此，本研究论文可作为基准来评估 GPR 方法识别埋藏考古文物/遗迹的效率，以用于埃及未来的考古勘探。