Mercury (Hg) is a highly toxic pollutant characterized by its long-range transport in the atmosphere. In the present study, the atmospheric Hg emission inventory in Thailand was developed using a bottom-up approach. To reflect the emitting behaviors of various Hg sources in Thailand in 2018, activity data specific to individual sources were collected, and emission factors were obtained from local sources or adapted from the literature with proper adjustments. It was found that about 4,337.8 kg of anthropogenic Hg was emitted: 52 % from biomass open burning and 40 % from combustion sources. Mercury speciation was also investigated. Hg⁰ was found to be dominant at 73 %, followed by Hg²⁺ at 18 % and Hg^P at 9 %. Maps were produced using the Spatial Geographic Information System, which showed that the emissions were relatively dense in the Central region of Thailand where most industrial activities take place and in the Northern and Northwestern regions as a result of biomass open burning. Hg emissions were also observed to mainly take place during the early months of the year, particularly in March and April. These two months were determined to account for 47 % of the total annual emissions of Hg, mostly due to increased combustion activities and biomass open burning. The output of the present work is a Hg emission database that can serve as model to investigate the status of Hg and the risks it poses to human health and ecosystems as well as support policy makers in developing emission control strategies.

汞 (Hg) 是一种剧毒污染物，其特点是可在大气中进行远距离迁移。在本研究中，泰国的大气汞排放清单是使用自下而上的方法制定的。为反映 2018 年泰国各种汞源的排放行为，收集了特定于单个源的活动数据，排放因子从当地源获得或从文献中改编并适当调整。发现大约排放了 4,337.8 kg 的人为汞：52% 来自生物质露天燃烧，40% 来自燃烧源。还研究了汞的形态。发现Hg ⁰占主导地位，占 73 %，其次是 Hg ²⁺，占 18 % 和 Hg ^P在 9%。地图是使用空间地理信息系统制作的，该系统显示泰国中部地区的排放量相对密集，该地区的大部分工业活动发生在北部和西北部地区，这是生物质露天燃烧的结果。还观察到汞排放主要发生在今年的前几个月，尤其是 3 月和 4 月。这两个月被确定占年度汞排放总量的 47%，主要是由于燃烧活动和生物质露天燃烧的增加。目前工作的输出是一个汞排放数据库，可以作为模型来调查汞的状况及其对人类健康和生态系统构成的风险，并支持政策制定者制定排放控制策略。