Clean energy and a sustainable environment are grand challenges that the world is facing which can be addressed by converting solar energy into transportable and storable fuels (chemical fuel). The main scientific and technological challenges for efficient solar energy conversion, energy storage, and environmental applications are the stability, durability, and performance of low-cost functional materials. Among different nanomaterials, perovskite type LaFeO₃ has been extensively investigated as a photocatalyst due to its abundance, high stability, compositional and structural flexibility, high electrocatalytic activity, efficient sunlight absorption, and tunable band gap and band edges. Hence, it is urgent to write a comprehensive review to highlight the trend, challenges, and prospects of LaFeO₃ in the field of photocatalytic solar energy conversion and environment purification. This critical review summarizes the history and basic principles of photocatalysis. Further, it reviews in detail the LaFeO₃, applications, shortcomings, and activity enhancement strategies including the design of nanostructures, elemental doping, and heterojunctions construction such as Type-I, Type-II, Z-Type, and uncommon heterojunctions. Besides, the optical and electronic properties, charge carriers separation, electron transport phenomenon and alignment of the band gaps in LaFeO₃-based heterostructures are comprehensively discussed.

清洁能源和可持续环境是世界面临的巨大挑战，可以通过将太阳能转化为可运输和可储存的燃料（化学燃料）来解决。高效太阳能转换、储能和环境应用的主要科技挑战是低成本功能材料的稳定性、耐用性和性能。在不同的纳米材料中，钙钛矿型 LaFeO ₃因其丰富、高稳定性、组成和结构的灵活性、高电催化活性、高效的阳光吸收以及可调节的带隙和带边而被广泛用作光催化剂。因此，迫切需要写一篇全面的评论来突出 LaFeO ₃的趋势、挑战和前景。在光催化太阳能转换和环境净化领域。这篇批判性评论总结了光催化的历史和基本原理。此外，它还详细回顾了 LaFeO ₃、应用、缺点和活性增强策略，包括纳米结构的设计、元素掺杂和异质结构造，如 I 型、II 型、Z 型和不常见的异质结。此外，还全面讨论了LaFeO ₃基异质结构中的光学和电子特性、电荷载流子分离、电子传输现象和带隙排列。