Recently, nanofibers got great attention towards industry due to their unique properties, which make them convenient for many applications. Nanostructured materials were reported as the most significant materials because of their large surface area, porosity, and cost-effectiveness. There are various methods to prepare nanofibers; however, the most effective technique is electrospinning, which is widely used nowadays. Depending on composite materials for nanofibers, preparation is a good advantage for expanding the fiber's mechanical and thermal properties. Recent researches focused on bicomponent and tricomponent materials for nanofibers preparation among these materials were polymers regarding their high molecular weight and ability to be spun with good mechanical strength fibers. Furthermore, the functionalization of nanofibers furnishes them with new characteristics and that enriches their capability for different applications. Functionalization can be performed by nanoparticles or microorganisms, which are recently reported. The combination of other materials with nanofibers increases their applicability characteristics and let them suitable for different disciplines. Currently, nanofibers gained a lot of trust from researchers and industry men to depend on inside many factories for wastewater treatment as they proved their excellent efficiency in pollutants removal at low cost. This review discusses the possible ways of nanofibers preparation, functionalization, and possible applications in wastewater treatment and highlights the importance of functionalization of these nanofibers to be more convenient in wastewater treatment applications.

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纳米纤维功能化的新趋势和废水处理中的最新应用

最近，纳米纤维由于其独特的性能而受到工业界的极大关注，这使得它们在许多应用中都很方便。据报道，纳米结构材料是最重要的材料，因为它们具有大的表面积、孔隙率和成本效益。有多种制备纳米纤维的方法；然而，最有效的技术是静电纺丝，它现在被广泛使用。根据用于纳米纤维的复合材料，制备对于扩展纤维的机械和热性能是一个很好的优势。最近的研究集中在用于制备纳米纤维的双组分和三组分材料中，这些材料是聚合物，因为它们具有高分子量和与良好机械强度纤维的纺丝能力。此外，纳米纤维的功能化赋予了它们新的特性，丰富了它们在不同应用中的能力。最近报道的纳米颗粒或微生物可以进行功能化。其他材料与纳米纤维的结合增加了它们的适用特性，让它们适用于不同的学科。目前，纳米纤维获得了研究人员和工业界人士的广泛信任，在许多工厂内进行废水处理，因为它们证明了它们以低成本去除污染物的卓越效率。本综述讨论了纳米纤维制备、功能化、