Cervicofacial vascular anomalies can result in morbidity, pain, and cosmetic concerns in affected individuals. Each anomaly has its own unique natural history, treatment, and associations with underlying genetic syndromes. For optimal patient care, it is important for the neuroradiologist to accurately recognize and characterize these entities to ensure appropriate treatment and management. In this review, we discuss the general characteristics, classifications, and imaging features associated with the most common vascular anomalies such as hemangiomas, arteriovenous malformations and fistulas, capillary malformations, venous malformations, and lymphatic malformations in the context of associated syndromes. Additionally, we discuss novel imaging techniques that aid in identifying these vascular anomalies.

颈面部血管异常可导致受影响个体的发病率、疼痛和美容问题。每种异常都有其独特的自然病程、治疗方法以及与潜在遗传综合征的关联。为了获得最佳的患者护理，神经放射科医生准确识别和描述这些实体以确保适当的治疗和管理非常重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了与最常见的血管异常相关的一般特征、分类和影像学特征，例如血管瘤、动静脉畸形和瘘管、毛细血管畸形、静脉畸形和淋巴管畸形在相关综合征的背景下。此外，我们还讨论了有助于识别这些血管异常的新型成像技术。