Although Aphrophora nr. permutata (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) is a reported vector of the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa (Wells) (Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae), its ecology and role in Pierce’s disease dynamics in coastal California vineyards are poorly understood. From 2016 to 2020, we surveyed the abundance of A. nr. permutata nymphs among potential host plants along the vineyard floor, the vineyard edges, and adjacent vegetation in vineyards in Napa and Sonoma county. In 2019 and 2020, vineyards adjacent to woodland habitat hosted larger A. nr. permutata populations than those next to riparian habitat, while in 2017 and 2018, the nymphal populations were similar among riparian and woodland sites. Among 2020 plant cover taxa, nymph abundance was positively associated with Helminthotheca echioides, Vicia sativa, and Daucus carota cover and negatively associated with Taraxacum officinale cover. In 2018 and 2019, we also tracked early-season occurrence and development of A. nr. permutata nymphs among potential host plants. Analyses showed a significant effect of site, year, and plant taxa on the first detection of nymphs and a significant effect of site and year on the estimated development time between first and fifth instars. In 2019, we conducted grapevine to grapevine X. fastidiosa transmission experiments with individuals and groups of five A. nr. permutata adults. In the transmission experiment, 5% (3 of 60) individual A. nr. permutata and 7.7% (1 of 13) of groups successfully transmitted X. fastidiosa. This study provides preliminary evidence of potential host plant associations with A. nr. permutata abundance and phenology that should be explored further with field and greenhouse-based approaches.

中文翻译：

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Amphophora nr 的若虫生态学和成虫 Xylella fastidiosa 传播生物学的评估。permutata（半翅目：Aphrophoridae）在加利福尼亚葡萄园

虽然 Aphophora nr。permutata (Hemiptera: Aphrophoridae) 是植物病原体 Xylella fastidiosa (Wells) (Xanthomonadales: Xanthomonadaceae) 的报道载体，其生态学和在加州沿海葡萄园皮尔斯病动态中的作用知之甚少。从 2016 年到 2020 年，我们调查了 A. nr. 的丰度。在纳帕和索诺玛县葡萄园地层、葡萄园边缘和相邻植被中的潜在寄主植物中的 permutata 若虫。在 2019 年和 2020 年，靠近林地栖息地的葡萄园拥有较大的 A. nr。permutata 种群数量高于河岸栖息地，而在 2017 年和 2018 年，河岸和林地的若虫种群相似。在 2020 年植物覆盖类群中，若虫丰度与 Helminthotheca echioides、Vicia sativa、和胡萝卜覆盖，与蒲公英覆盖呈负相关。在 2018 年和 2019 年，我们还跟踪了 A. nr 的早期发生和发展。permutata 若虫在潜在的寄主植物中。分析表明，地点、年份和植物分类群对首次发现若虫有显着影响，地点和年份对估计的第一龄和五龄之间的发育时间有显着影响。2019 年，我们对 5 个 A. nr. permutata 成年人。在传播实验中，5%（60 个中的 3 个）个体 A. nr。permutata 和 7.7%（13 组中的 1 组）成功传播了 X.fastidiosa。这项研究提供了潜在寄主植物与 A. nr 关联的初步证据。