Echinoderm embryos and larvae are prominent experimental model systems for studying developmental mechanisms. High-quality, assembled, annotated genome sequences are now available for several echinoderm species, including representatives from most classes. The increased availability of these data necessitates the development of a nomenclature that assigns universally interpretable gene symbols to echinoderm genes to facilitate cross-species comparisons of gene functions, both within echinoderms and across other phyla. This paper describes the implementation of an improved set of echinoderm gene nomenclature guidelines that both communicates meaningful orthology information in protein-coding gene symbols and names and establishes continuity with nomenclatures developed for major vertebrate model organisms, including humans. Differences between the echinoderm gene nomenclature guidelines and vertebrate guidelines are examined and explained. This nomenclature incorporates novel solutions to allow for several types of orthologous relationships, including the single echinoderm genes with multiple vertebrate co-orthologs that result from whole-genome-duplication events. The current version of the Echinoderm Gene Nomenclature Guidelines can be found at https://www.echinobase.org/gene/static/geneNomenclature.jsp Database URL https://www.echinobase.org/

中文翻译：

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棘皮动物基因的命名法

棘皮动物胚胎和幼虫是研究发育机制的重要实验模型系统。高质量、组装、注释的基因组序列现在可用于几种棘皮动物物种，包括大多数类别的代表。这些数据的可用性增加需要开发一种命名法，将普遍可解释的基因符号分配给棘皮动物基因，以促进在棘皮动物和其他门之间进行基因功能的跨物种比较。本文描述了一套改进的棘皮动物基因命名指南的实施，该指南既传达了蛋白质编码基因符号和名称中有意义的直系学信息，又与为包括人类在内的主要脊椎动物模型生物开发的命名建立了连续性。检查和解释棘皮动物基因命名指南和脊椎动物指南之间的差异。这种命名法结合了新的解决方案，以允许几种类型的直系同源关系，包括由全基因组复制事件产生的具有多个脊椎动物共同直系同源物的单个棘皮动物基因。当前版本的棘皮动物基因命名指南可在 https://www.echinobase.org/gene/static/geneNomenclature.jsp 数据库 URL https://www.echinobase.org/ 找到