Background: Gender-specific literature focused on gambling disorder (GD) is scarce, and women with GD have been understudied. Therefore, the aim of this study was to estimate the short-term effectiveness in women with GD (n = 214) of a group standardized cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) and to identify the most relevant predictors of the primary therapy outcomes (dropout and relapse). Methods: The manualized CBT consisted of 16 weekly outpatient group sessions. Women were provided with resources to obtain a better understanding of the GD, to improve self-control and to manage risk situations. Results: The dropout risk was higher for women with lower GD severity and higher psychopathological distress. Among other factors, lower education levels were a significant predictor of the relapse risk and and the frequency of relapses was higher for divorced women with a preference for non-strategic gambling and with substances consumption. Conclusions: Our findings evidence women-specific predictors of the primary therapy outcomes. The results highlight the need to design psychological interventions that address dropout and relapse risk factors in women.

背景：专注于赌博障碍 (GD) 的特定性别文献很少，并且对患有 GD 的女性的研究不足。因此，本研究的目的是评估一组标准化认知行为疗法 (CBT) 对 GD 女性 (n = 214) 的短期有效性，并确定主要治疗结果的最相关预测因子（辍学和复发）。方法：手动 CBT 包括 16 次每周门诊小组会议。为妇女提供资源以更好地了解 GD，提高自我控制能力和管理风险情况。结果：对于 GD 严重程度较低和心理病理困扰较高的女性，辍学风险较高。除其他因素外，较低的教育水平是复发风险的重要预测因素，并且对于偏爱非策略性赌博和物质消费的离婚女性而言，复发的频率更高。结论：我们的研究结果证明了主要治疗结果的女性特异性预测因子。结果强调需要设计心理干预措施来解决女性辍学和复发的风险因素。