High Permeance or High Selectivity? Optimization of System-Scale Nanofiltration Performance Constrained by the Upper Bound,ACS ES&T Engineering

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High Permeance or High Selectivity? Optimization of System-Scale Nanofiltration Performance Constrained by the Upper Bound
ACS ES&T Engineering ( IF 7.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-14 , DOI: 10.1021/acsestengg.1c00237
Zhe Yang ₁ , Li Long ₁ , Chenyue Wu ₁ , Chuyang Y. Tang ₁

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Membrane separation performance is constrained by a permeability-selectivity trade-off, also commonly known as the upper bound. To date, the upper bound lines for gas separation membranes and reverse osmosis membranes have been well-documented. However, the upper bound is far less established for nanofiltration (NF) membranes. In addition, existing literature appears to be inconclusive on whether high permeance or high selectivity is more preferred to achieve optimized NF separation performance. In this study, we first analyze the permeance, water/NaCl selectivity, water/Na₂SO₄ selectivity, and NaCl/Na₂SO₄ selectivity for polyamide NF membranes reported in the literature, which results in a set of comprehensive upper bound lines defining the state-of-the-art NF separation properties at the material level. We further establish a comprehensive framework that examines the system-scale performance including product water quality, specific energy consumption (SEC), and system stability in relation to the upper bound. Our analysis reveals the risk of high SEC for more selective membranes yet poorer product water quality for more permeable membranes, and an optimized NF system generally requires a combination of moderate permeance and water/salt selectivity to ensure desirable combinations of SEC, water quality, and system stability. Our work provides critical guidelines for the future development of NF membranes and optimization of NF systems.

中文翻译：

高渗透性还是高选择性？受上限约束的系统级纳滤性能优化

膜分离性能受到渗透选择性权衡的限制，通常也称为上限。迄今为止，气体分离膜和反渗透膜的上限线已得到充分证明。然而，对于纳滤 (NF) 膜而言，上限远未确定。此外，现有文献似乎还没有定论，是否更优选高渗透性或高选择性以实现优化的 NF 分离性能。在本研究中，我们首先分析了渗透率、水/NaCl 选择性、水/Na ₂ SO ₄选择性和 NaCl/Na ₂ SO ₄文献中报道的聚酰胺 NF 膜的选择性，这导致了一组全面的上限线，定义了材料水平上最先进的 NF 分离特性。我们进一步建立了一个全面的框架来检查系统规模的性能，包括与上限相关的产品水质量、单位能耗 (SEC) 和系统稳定性。我们的分析揭示了选择性更高的膜具有高 SEC 的风险，而渗透性更强的膜的产品水质量较差，优化的 NF 系统通常需要结合中等渗透性和水/盐选择性，以确保 SEC、水质和系统稳定性。我们的工作为 NF 膜的未来发展和 NF 系统的优化提供了重要的指导方针。

更新日期：2021-08-14

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