A large literature within the field of international relations has now explored both how emotions can shape political perceptions and behavior and how international actors may seek to manipulate, harness, or deploy emotions and emotional displays for political ends. Less attention, however, has been paid to how political struggles can also center upon issues of who can or should feel what emotion and whose feelings matter. Precisely, we theorize a distributive politics of emotion that can manifest in three general forms, all of which have their own properties and logics of contestation. The first centers on emotional obligations, understood as an actor's duties to feel and express specific emotions. The second concerns emotional entitlements, or the rights an actor enjoys to either feel or not feel certain emotions. And the third involves hierarchies of emotional deference, that is, the varying degrees of priority accorded to different actors’ feelings. We illustrate how the politics of emotions can unfold on the international stage by looking at developments in the so-called history problem within Sino-Japanese relations.

中文翻译：

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国际关系中的情绪政治：谁来感受什么，谁的情绪很重要，以及中日关系中的“历史问题”

国际关系领域的大量文献现在探讨了情绪如何塑造政治观念和行为，以及国际行为者如何寻求操纵、利用或部署情绪和情绪表现以达到政治目的。然而，很少有人关注政治斗争如何也可以集中在谁可以或应该感受到什么情绪以及谁的感受很重要的问题上。准确地说，我们将一种情绪的分配政治理论化，它可以表现为三种一般形式，所有这些形式都有自己的争论性质和逻辑。第一个以情感义务为中心，被理解为演员感受和表达特定情感的责任。第二个涉及情感权利，或演员享有感受或不感受某些情绪的权利。第三个涉及情感顺从的等级，即对不同行为者的感受给予不同程度的优先考虑。我们通过观察中日关系中所谓的历史问题的发展来说明情感政治如何在国际舞台上展开。