ABSTRACT

Close-knit religious groups have a long history of relying on brokers to facilitate the connection with the state. Police agencies also often rely on brokers to provide a reliable channel of communication with the community, assist in maintaining public order, and increase police legitimacy. COVID-19 provides an invaluable opportunity for real-time examination of brokering style as well as changes in brokering paradigms between the police and a highly religious community (Haredim in Israel) during times of crisis, focusing on law enforcement and public health (LEPH). Using the framework of social capital and brokerage, this study identifies three types of brokers: Gatekeepers (Classic/Diasporic); Liaisons (Good Samaritans); and Representatives (Professionals). Under the conditions of a pandemic, the latter strengthened their influence at the expense of the first two types, because they were perceived as more reliable and having higher integrity. This study suggests that social capital is dynamic and may transform under certain circumstances, and that religious constraints may leverage social capital’s adverse effects under the pressure of crisis.

摘要

紧密联系的宗教团体长期以来一直依靠经纪人来促进与国家的联系。警察机构还经常依靠经纪人提供与社区沟通的可靠渠道，协助维持公共秩序，并提高警察的合法性。COVID-19 提供了一个宝贵的机会，可以在危机时期实时检查斡旋风格以及警察与高度宗教社区（以色列的 Haredim）之间斡旋范式的变化，重点是执法和公共卫生 (LEPH) . 使用社会资本和经纪的框架，本研究确定了三种类型的经纪人： 看门人（经典/散居）；联络人（好心人）；和代表（专业人士）。在大流行的情况下，后者以牺牲前两种类型为代价加强了他们的影响力，因为他们被认为更可靠并且具有更高的完整性。本研究表明，社会资本是动态的，在某些情况下可能会发生变化，而宗教约束可能会在危机压力下利用社会资本的不利影响。