Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is characterized by a chronic inflammatory process often associated with comorbid asthma. In this study, we analyzed the transcriptomes of single T helper (T_H) cells from nasal polyps of patients with CRSwNP and validated these findings using multiparameter flow cytometry. Polyp tissue contained suppressive T regulatory (T_reg) cells, T_H2 cells, type 2 innate lymphoid cells, and three transcriptionally distinct subsets of cytotoxic CD4⁺ T cells (CD4⁺ CTL). GATA3 expression was a feature of polyp T_reg cells, whereas T_H2 cells highly expressed TCN1, CD200R, and HPGDS and were enriched for genes involved in lipid metabolism. Only a portion of polyp T_H2 cells expressed the prostaglandin D2 receptor CRTH2, whereas a subpopulation of CD109⁺CRTH2⁻ T_H2 cells expressed mRNA for common inhibitor receptors including LAG3 and TIM3 and produced IL-10. Together, we resolved the complexity of T_H cells in patients with CRSwNP, identifying several distinct clusters of CD4⁺ CTL and a population of CD109⁺CRTH2⁻ T_H2 cells with putative regulatory potential.

伴有鼻息肉的慢性鼻窦炎 (CRSwNP) 的特征是慢性炎症过程，通常与合并哮喘有关。在这项研究中，我们分析了来自 CRSwNP 患者鼻息肉的单个 T 辅助细胞(T _{H ) 的转录组，并使用多参数流式细胞术验证了这些发现。}息肉组织包含抑制性 T 调节 (T _reg ) 细胞、T _H 2 细胞、2 型先天淋巴细胞和三个转录不同的细胞毒性 CD4 ⁺ T 细胞亚群 (CD4 ⁺ CTL)。GATA3 表达是息肉 T _reg细胞的一个特征，而 T _H 2 细胞高度表达TCN1、CD200R, 和HPGDS并且富含参与脂质代谢的基因。只有一部分息肉 T _H 2 细胞表达前列腺素 D2 受体 CRTH2，而 CD109 ⁺ CRTH2 ^- T _H 2 细胞亚群表达常见抑制剂受体（包括 LAG3 和 TIM3）的 mRNA 并产生 IL-10。我们一起解决了CRSwNP 患者T _{H细胞的复杂性，确定了几个不同的 CD4} ⁺ CTL 簇和具有推定调节潜力的 CD109 ⁺ CRTH2 ^- T _{H 2 细胞群。}