The main motivation for this research is the growing awareness of the impact of climate change and the increasing relevance of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, aiming to contribute to the measurement of quantities like precipitation and rate of rainfall. This knowledge is widely used in hydrology, climatology and meteorology, providing data and information applied in modelling, pattern definition and recognition, and forecasting. This work is concerned with estimating the average areal rainfall in a stipulated region from rainfall intensity observations made at measurement stations within that region. It focuses on three straightforward estimation approaches: the arithmetic mean method, the Thiessen polygon method and the isohyetal method. The evaluation of the associated measurement uncertainty, for which the law of propagation of uncertainty and a Monte Carlo method as described in guidance documents from the Joint Committee for Guides in Metrology are applied, is the main consideration. The approaches described may be readily applied by practitioners. A comparison of results from applying these methods to a simple example is made. Such results are required for conformity assessment and support in urban management and water resources management worldwide.

这项研究的主要动机是人们越来越意识到气候变化的影响以及联合国可持续发展目标的相关性越来越强，旨在为降水和降雨率等数量的测量做出贡献。这些知识广泛用于水文学、气候学和气象学，提供应用于建模、模式定义和识别以及预测的数据和信息。这项工作涉及根据在该地区测量站进行的降雨强度观测来估计该地区的平均面积降雨量。它侧重于三种直接的估计方法：算术平均法、泰森多边形法和等量法。相关测量不确定度的评估，测量指南联合委员会的指导文件中描述的不确定性传播定律和蒙特卡罗方法是主要考虑因素。所描述的方法可以很容易地被从业者应用。将这些方法应用于一个简单的例子的结果进行了比较。这些结果是全球城市管理和水资源管理的合格评定和支持所必需的。