A reversible logic gate differs from the conversational logic gate in many ways, such as equal number of input–output, its reverse operation and bijective input/output mapping. In this paper, a new class of 4 4 conservative-reversible logic gate named the equalizer SWAP gate (ESG) has been proposed. This gate is self-invertible and performs SWAP operation when two of its control inputs are logic either 0 or 1. The all-optical design of the ESG using a ‘semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA) assisted Sagnac interferometer’ with a counter-propagating signal passing through the SOA has been shown with a mathematical model in this paper. Quantum realization of the ESG has been carried out to construct its unitary matrix. Also, the matrix has been established through numerical simulation. Some complex reversible logic circuits, viz. n-bit XOR/XNOR, full-adder circuit, n-bit binary-to-gray and gray-to-binary conversion, using the ESG unit have also been shown. Simulated outputs, logical complexity, quantum realization, optical cost and delay of the proposed circuit have been analyzed, and are compared with other reversible logic gates.

可逆逻辑门在许多方面与对话逻辑门不同，例如输入-输出的相等数量、其反向操作和双射输入/输出映射。在本文中，一个新的类 4已经提出了名为均衡器交换门 (ESG) 的 4 个保守可逆逻辑门。该门是自反转的，并在其两个控制输入为逻辑 0 或 1 时执行 SWAP 操作。 ESG 的全光设计使用带有反向传播信号的“半导体光放大器 (SOA) 辅助萨格纳克干涉仪”在本文中，通过数学模型展示了通过 SOA。已经进行了 ESG 的量子实现以构建其酉矩阵。此外，该矩阵已通过数值模拟建立。一些复杂的可逆逻辑电路，即。n位 XOR/XNOR，全加器电路，n-bit 二进制到灰度和灰度到二进制转换，使用 ESG 单元也已显示。分析了所提出电路的模拟输出、逻辑复杂度、量子实现、光学成本和延迟，并与其他可逆逻辑门进行了比较。