The main purpose of this study is to assess the transient mixed lubrication performance of multiple grooves water-lubricated bearings subjected to external shock considering 3D thermal behavior, and design a groove arrangement to reduce the transient contact force under external shock based on the numerical prediction. The effectiveness of the present numerical simulation is verified by the comparisons with the published results. Based on the numerical study, the transient mixed lubrication behaviors under different shock directions and amplitudes are revealed. The results demonstrate that, due to the hydrodynamic loss of the macro groove (depth is 1.5 mm), the transient mixed lubrication performance of the full groove water-lubricated bearing is poor, especially when the shock direction is horizontal. In order to improve transient tribo-dynamic behavior of the full groove water-lubricated bearing, the four-grooved and six-grooved (partial-grooved) water-lubricated bearings are designed, and its effectiveness is proved by numerical results. Subsequently, the effects of the radial clearance, bush thickness and water-lubricated material on the transient contact force of the partial-grooved water-lubricated bearing are evaluated. Numerical results indicate that the transient contact force is weakened with the increasing of radial clearance, and transient contact performance is improved with the increasing of bush thickness for the vertical shock. Additionally, the simulation results demonstrate that the water-lubricated material with lower hardness and elastic modulus has smaller transient contact force under external shock.

本研究的主要目的是评估考虑 3D 热行为的多槽水润滑轴承在外部冲击下的瞬态混合润滑性能，并基于数值预测设计槽布置以减少外部冲击下的瞬态接触力。通过与已发表的结果进行比较，验证了当前数值模拟的有效性。基于数值研究，揭示了不同冲击方向和振幅下的瞬态混合润滑行为。结果表明，由于宏观槽（深度为1.5 mm）的流体动力损失，全槽水润滑轴承的瞬态混合润滑性能较差，尤其是冲击方向为水平时。为了改善全槽水润滑轴承的瞬态摩擦动力学行为，设计了四槽和六槽（部分槽）水润滑轴承，并通过数值结果证明了其有效性。随后，评估了径向间隙、衬套厚度和水润滑材料对部分开槽水润滑轴承瞬态接触力的影响。数值结果表明，瞬态接触力随着径向间隙的增加而减弱，瞬态接触性能随着轴套厚度的增加而提高，以应对垂直冲击。此外，模拟结果表明硬度和弹性模量较低的水润滑材料在外部冲击下具有较小的瞬态接触力。