Theranostic nanoparticles (NPs) which provide both therapeutic and diagnostic capabilities have potential to fundamentally change biomedical sciences and improve disease diagnostics and therapy. This review summarizes the recent advances in the development of ceria NPs (CeNPs) therapeutics with combined free radical scavenging activity and biosensing functions as a promising class of theranostic probes in biomedicine. The unique physicochemical properties of CeNPs including the antioxidant, anticancer and anti-inflammatory properties are discussed in relation to their therapeutic efficacy in disease models including neurodegenerative diseases, anti-inflammatory, hypoxic damage, ischemia-reperfusion. The potential to combine the antioxidant properties with sensing functions to achieve synergistic therapeutic and biosensing functions is highlighted with a focus on personalized medicine and next generation therapy. The current state-of-the-art, challenges and opportunities for future development of CeNPs as active theranostic probes in biomedicine are also discussed.

提供治疗和诊断能力的治疗诊断纳米粒子 (NPs) 有可能从根本上改变生物医学科学并改善疾病诊断和治疗。本综述总结了结合自由基清除活性和生物传感功能的二氧化铈 NPs (CeNPs) 疗法的最新进展，作为生物医学中一类有前途的治疗诊断探针。讨论了 CeNPs 独特的理化特性，包括抗氧化、抗癌和抗炎特性，并讨论了它们在疾病模型中的治疗效果，包括神经退行性疾病、抗炎、缺氧损伤、缺血再灌注。将抗氧化特性与传感功能相结合以实现协同治疗和生物传感功能的潜力得到了强调，重点是个性化医疗和下一代治疗。还讨论了 CeNPs 作为生物医学中的活性治疗探针的当前最先进技术、挑战和机遇。