Piezoelectric semiconductor (PSC) nanowires have a great potential to be the basic element of the next generation of micro and nano electro-mechanical systems. A lack of understanding of their electromechanical coupling behaviors can be a major obstacle to using PSC nanowires. In this paper, a one-dimensional model is proposed to investigate the electromechanical coupling behavior of PSC nanowires under static extension. In the present model, effects of piezoelectricity and flexoelectricity are considered simultaneously. Closed-form expressions for the distributions of electron concentrations and electromechanical fields are obtained. The effects of applied distributed traction force, flexoelectric effect and initial carrier concentration have been discussed. Results show that the distributions of electromechanical fields predicted by the present model are different from those of the classical model (which only considers piezoelectric effect). For example, the applied uniform distributed traction force breaks the symmetrical distributions of electromechanical fields, resulting in the redistribution of electron concentrations. However, flexoelectricity shows a significant weakening effect on the values of relevant electromechanical fields. This research offers a new method to tune the electromechanical coupling characteristics of piezoelectric semiconductor materials.

压电半导体 (PSC) 纳米线具有成为下一代微纳米机电系统基本元件的巨大潜力。对其机电耦合行为缺乏了解可能是使用 PSC 纳米线的主要障碍。在本文中，提出了一个一维模型来研究静态拉伸下 PSC 纳米线的机电耦合行为。在本模型中，同时考虑了压电性和挠性电性的影响。获得了电子浓度和机电场分布的闭式表达式。已经讨论了施加的分布式牵引力、挠曲电效应和初始载流子浓度的影响。结果表明，本模型预测的机电场分布与经典模型（仅考虑压电效应）不同。例如，施加的均匀分布的牵引力打破了机电场的对称分布，导致电子浓度的重新分布。然而，挠曲电对相关机电场的值显示出显着的削弱作用。该研究为调整压电半导体材料的机电耦合特性提供了一种新方法。导致电子浓度的重新分布。然而，挠曲电对相关机电场的值显示出显着的削弱作用。该研究为调整压电半导体材料的机电耦合特性提供了一种新方法。导致电子浓度的重新分布。然而，挠曲电对相关机电场的值显示出显着的削弱作用。该研究为调整压电半导体材料的机电耦合特性提供了一种新方法。