In tokamak plasmas, the interaction among the micro-turbulence, zonal flows (ZFs) and energetic particles (EPs) can affect the turbulence saturation level and the consequent confinement quality and thus, is important for future burning plasmas. In this work, the EP anisotropy effects on the ZF residual level are studied by using anisotropic EP distributions with dependence on pitch. Significant effects on the long wavelength ZFs have been found when small to moderate width around the dominant pitch in the EP distribution function is assumed. In addition, it is found that ZF residual level is enhanced by barely passing/trapped and/or deeply trapped EPs, but it is suppressed by well passing and/or intermediate trapped EPs. Numerical calculation shows that for ASDEX Upgrade plasmas, typical EP distribution functions can bring in −3% to +5.5% mitigation/enhancement in ZF residual level, depending on the EP distribution functions.

在托卡马克等离子体中，微湍流、纬向流 (ZF) 和高能粒子 (EP) 之间的相互作用会影响湍流饱和度和随之而来的约束质量，因此，对于未来燃烧的等离子体很重要。在这项工作中，通过使用依赖于间距的各向异性 EP 分布来研究 EP 各向异性对 ZF 残留水平的影响。当 EP 分布函数中的主要间距周围的宽度为小到中等时，已经发现对长波长 ZF 的显着影响。此外，发现几乎不通过/捕获和/或深度捕获的 EPs 提高了 ZF 残留水平，但它被良好通过和/或中间捕获的 EPs 抑制。数值计算表明，对于 ASDEX 升级等离子体，典型的 EP 分布函数可以带来 -3% 到 +5。