The poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) physical cryogels that contained the additives of the H₂N-(CH₂)_n-COOH–type amino acids (n = 1–5) have been prepared, and their physico-chemical characteristics, macroporous morphology and the solute release dynamics have been evaluated. These low-molecular solutes with respect of the PVA cryotropic gelation exhibited the kosmotropic influence, i.e. commencing from their concentration of about 0.5 mol/L the additives facilitated the growth in the rigidity and the heat endurance of the resultant cryogels. The efficiency of such influence was reduced with an increase in the length of oligomethylene spacer between the amino and carboxyl groups in the amino acid molecules. The average size of macropores also depended on the additive type and its concentration in the initial PVA solution; the cross-section of the pores decreased with increasing the solutes concentration. Upon the cryogel-entrapped amino acids release from the macroporous gel matrix a gradual transition from the release mechanism by a free diffusion for the hydrophilic glycine to the release according to the space-limited Fickian diffusion for the more hydrophobic ε-aminocaproic acid was found. This effect was stipulated by the hydrophobic interactions between the carbochain core of the PVA macromolecules and the aliphatic moieties of the respective amino acid.

含有 H ₂ N-(CH ₂ ) _n -COOH 型氨基酸 ( n = 1-5) 已制备，并评估了它们的理化特性、大孔形态和溶质释放动力学。这些低分子溶质在 PVA 冷冻凝胶方面表现出亲液性影响，即从它们约 0.5 mol/L 的浓度开始，添加剂促进了所得冷冻凝胶的刚性和耐热性的增长。这种影响的效率随着氨基酸分子中氨基和羧基之间的低聚亚甲基间隔物长度的增加而降低。大孔的平均大小还取决于添加剂类型及其在初始 PVA 溶液中的浓度；孔的横截面随着溶质浓度的增加而减小。当冷冻凝胶包埋的氨基酸从大孔凝胶基质释放时，发现从亲水性甘氨酸的自由扩散的释放机制逐渐转变为根据空间受限的 Fickian 扩散释放更疏水的 ε-氨基己酸。这种效果是由 PVA 大分子的碳链核心与相应氨基酸的脂肪族部分之间的疏水相互作用决定的。