Phased array radar systems are indispensable in many applications requiring robust sensing of the environment. To achieve sensitive target detection and accurate direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation, a large number of receiving antenna elements are needed. The high dimension of the element-level data inevitably leads to a large computational burden for digital signal processing. This problem can be overcome by transforming the element-level data into a lower dimensional beamspace. In this article, we present a novel parameter-controlled design method to construct this transformation. If the dimension reduction is not too drastic, it jointly achieves optimal detection and DOA estimation performance. Otherwise, it meets predefined performance criteria by exploiting an acceptable tradeoff between detection and DOA estimation performance. We propose a general design tool, which is not limited to a specific array configuration. It comprises a precalculated set of plots, providing the radar designer an overview of possible performance for a given scenario. We describe a straightforward method to construct the corresponding transformation. Numerical studies highlight the superiority of the proposed design method.

中文翻译：

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针对同时检测和估计进行优化的降维 Rx 波束形成


相控阵雷达系统在许多需要强大环境传感的应用中是不可或缺的。为了实现灵敏的目标检测和准确的波达方向（DOA）估计，需要大量的接收天线元件。元素级数据的高维度不可避免地导致数字信号处理的计算负担过大。这个问题可以通过将元素级数据变换到较低维的波束空间来解决。在本文中，我们提出了一种新颖的参数控制设计方法来构建这种转换。如果降维不是太剧烈，它可以共同实现最佳的检测和 DOA 估计性能。否则，它通过利用检测和 DOA 估计性能之间可接受的权衡来满足预定义的性能标准。我们提出了一种通用设计工具，它不限于特定的阵列配置。它包含一组预先计算的图，为雷达设计人员提供给定场景可能性能的概述。我们描述了一种构建相应转换的简单方法。数值研究凸显了所提出的设计方法的优越性。