Untangling local and remote influences in two major petrel habitats in the oligotrophic Southern Ocean,Global Change Biology

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Untangling local and remote influences in two major petrel habitats in the oligotrophic Southern Ocean
Global Change Biology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-12 , DOI: 10.1111/gcb.15839
Daniel C Jones ₁ , Filipe R Ceia ₂ , Eugene Murphy ₁ , Karine Delord ₃ , Robert W Furness ₄ , Ariane Verdy ₅ , Matthew Mazloff ₅ , Richard A Phillips ₁ , Paul M Sagar ₆ , Jean-Baptiste Sallée ₇ , Ben Schreiber _{1,

8} , David R Thompson ₉ , Leigh G Torres ₁₀ , Philip J Underwood ₁ , Henri Weimerskirch ₃ , José C Xavier _{1,

2}

Affiliation

British Antarctic Survey, Natural Environment Research Council, Cambridge, UK.
Department of Life Sciences, Marine and Environmental Sciences Centre, University of Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.
Centre d'Etudes Biologiques de Chizé, UMR 7372 du CNRS-La Rochelle Université, Villiers-en-Bois, France.
Institute of Biodiversity Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Scripps Institution of Oceanography, UCSD, San Diego, California, USA.
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Christchurch, New Zealand.
L'Ocean, CNRS, UPMC, Paris, France.
Centre for Mathematical Sciences, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research Ltd, Wellington, New Zealand.
Geospatial Ecology of Marine Megafauna Lab, Department of Fisheries and Wildlife, Marine Mammal Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA.

Ocean circulation connects geographically distinct ecosystems across a wide range of spatial and temporal scales via exchanges of physical and biogeochemical properties. Remote oceanographic processes can be especially important for ecosystems in the Southern Ocean, where the Antarctic Circumpolar Current transports properties across ocean basins through both advection and mixing. Recent tracking studies have indicated the existence of two large-scale, open ocean habitats in the Southern Ocean used by grey petrels (Procellaria cinerea) from two populations (i.e., Kerguelen and Antipodes islands) during their nonbreeding season for extended periods during austral summer (i.e., October to February). In this work, we use a novel combination of large-scale oceanographic observations, surface drifter data, satellite-derived primary productivity, numerical adjoint sensitivity experiments, and output from a biogeochemical state estimate to examine local and remote influences on these grey petrel habitats. Our aim is to understand the oceanographic features that control these isolated foraging areas and to evaluate their ecological value as oligotrophic open ocean habitats. We estimate the minimum local primary productivity required to support these populations to be much <1% of the estimated local primary productivity. The region in the southeast Indian Ocean used by the birds from Kerguelen is connected by circulation to the productive Kerguelen shelf. In contrast, the region in the south-central Pacific Ocean used by seabirds from the Antipodes is relatively isolated suggesting it is more influenced by local factors or the cumulative effects of many seasonal cycles. This work exemplifies the potential use of predator distributions and oceanographic data to highlight areas of the open ocean that may be more dynamic and productive than previously thought. Our results highlight the need to consider advective connections between ecosystems in the Southern Ocean and to re-evaluate the ecological relevance of oligotrophic Southern Ocean regions from a conservation perspective.

中文翻译：

解开贫营养南大洋两个主要海燕栖息地的局部和远程影响

海洋环流通过物理和生物地球化学特性的交换，将地理上不同的生态系统在广泛的空间和时间尺度上连接起来。遥远的海洋过程对于南大洋的生态系统尤其重要，南极环极流通过平流和混合在海洋盆地中传输特性。最近的追踪研究表明，灰海燕（Procellaria cinerea）在南大洋存在两个大型开阔海洋栖息地) 来自两个种群（即 Kerguelen 和 Antipodes 岛），它们在南方夏季（即 10 月至 2 月）的非繁殖季节延长了一段时间。在这项工作中，我们使用大规模海洋观测、表面漂移数据、卫星衍生的初级生产力、数值伴随敏感性实验和生物地球化学状态估计的输出的新组合来检查对这些灰海燕栖息地的本地和远程影响。我们的目标是了解控制这些孤立觅食区的海洋学特征，并评估它们作为贫营养开放海洋栖息地的生态价值。我们估计支持这些人口所需的最低当地初级生产力远低于估计的当地初级生产力的 1%。来自凯尔盖朗的鸟类所使用的东南印度洋地区通过环流与多产的凯尔盖朗大陆架相连。相比之下，来自对岸海鸟的中南太平洋地区相对孤立，这表明它更多地受当地因素或许多季节性周期的累积影响。这项工作举例说明了捕食者分布和海洋学数据的潜在用途，以突出可能比以前认为的更具活力和生产力的公海区域。我们的结果强调需要考虑南大洋生态系统之间的平流联系，并从保护的角度重新评估贫营养南大洋地区的生态相关性。来自 Antipodes 的海鸟使用的中南太平洋区域相对孤立，这表明它更多地受当地因素或许多季节性周期的累积影响。这项工作举例说明了捕食者分布和海洋学数据的潜在用途，以突出可能比以前认为的更具活力和生产力的公海区域。我们的结果强调需要考虑南大洋生态系统之间的平流联系，并从保护的角度重新评估贫营养南大洋地区的生态相关性。来自 Antipodes 的海鸟使用的中南太平洋区域相对孤立，这表明它更多地受当地因素或许多季节性周期的累积影响。这项工作举例说明了捕食者分布和海洋学数据的潜在用途，以突出可能比以前认为的更具活力和生产力的公海区域。我们的结果强调需要考虑南大洋生态系统之间的平流联系，并从保护的角度重新评估贫营养南大洋地区的生态相关性。这项工作举例说明了捕食者分布和海洋学数据的潜在用途，以突出可能比以前认为的更具活力和生产力的公海区域。我们的结果强调需要考虑南大洋生态系统之间的平流联系，并从保护的角度重新评估贫营养南大洋地区的生态相关性。这项工作举例说明了捕食者分布和海洋学数据的潜在用途，以突出可能比以前认为的更具活力和生产力的公海区域。我们的结果强调需要考虑南大洋生态系统之间的平流联系，并从保护的角度重新评估贫营养南大洋地区的生态相关性。

更新日期：2021-10-15

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