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On the centennials of the discoveries of the hydrogen bond and the structure of the water molecule: the short life and work of Eustace Jean Cuy (1897–1925)
Acta Crystallographica Section A: Foundations and Advances ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-13 , DOI: 10.1107/s2053273321006987
Zygmunt S Derewenda 1
Affiliation  

The bent structure of the water molecule, and its hydrogen-bonding properties, arguably rank among the most impactful discoveries in the history of chemistry. Although the fact that the H—O—H angle must deviate from linearity was inferred early in the 20th century, notably from the existence of the electric dipole moment, it was not clear what that angle should be and why. One hundred years ago, a young PhD student at the University of California, Berkeley, Eustace J. Cuy, rationalized the V-shape structure of a water molecule using the Lewis theory of a chemical bond, i.e. a shared electron pair, and its tetrahedral stereochemistry. He was inspired, in part, by the proposal of a weak (hydrogen) bond in water by two colleagues at Berkeley, Wendell Latimer and Worth Rodebush, who published their classic paper a year earlier. Cuy went on to suggest that other molecules, notably H2S and NH3, have similar structures, and presciently predicted that this architecture has broader consequences for the structure of water as a liquid. This short, but brilliant paper has been completely forgotten, perhaps due to the tragic death of the author at the age of 28; the hydrogen-bond study is also rarely recognized. One of the most impactful publications on the structure of liquid water, a classic treatise published in 1933 by John Bernal and Ralph Fowler, does not mention either of the two pioneering papers. In this essay, the background for the two discoveries is described, including the brief history of Lewis's research on the nature of the chemical bond, and the history of the discovery of the hydrogen bond, which inspired Cuy to look at the structure of the water molecule. This is – to the best of the author's knowledge – the first biographical sketch of Eustace J. Cuy.

中文翻译:

氢键和水分子结构发现百年纪念:尤斯塔斯·让·库伊 (Eustace Jean Cuy) 短暂的一生和工作 (1897-1925)

水分子的弯曲结构及其氢键性质可以说是化学史上最具影响力的发现之一。尽管 H-O-H 角必须偏离线性这一事实早在 20 世纪就已被推断出来,特别是从电偶极矩的存在中推断出来,但尚不清楚该角度应该是什么以及为什么。一百年前,加州大学伯克利分校的年轻博士生 Eustace J. Cuy 利用路易斯化学键理论合理化了水分子的 V 形结构,共享电子对,及其四面体立体化学。他的灵感部分来自伯克利的两位同事 Wendell Latimer 和 Worth Rodebush 提出的水中弱(氢)键的提议,他们一年前发表了他们的经典论文。Cuy 继续提出其他分子,特别是 H 2 S 和 NH 3,具有相似的结构,并有先见之明地预测这种结构对作为液体的水的结构具有更广泛的影响。这篇简短但精彩的论文已被完全遗忘,也许是因为作者在 28 岁时不幸去世;氢键研究也很少被认可。关于液态水结构的最有影响力的出版物之一是约翰·伯纳尔和拉尔夫·福勒于 1933 年出版的经典论文,但没有提及这两篇开创性论文中的任何一篇。在这篇文章中,描述了这两个发现的背景,包括刘易斯研究化学键性质的简史,以及氢键发现的历史,这激发了库伊研究水的结构分子。这是 - 尽作者之意”
更新日期:2021-09-02
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