The Biofloc Technology System (BFT) is characterized by stimulating the development of a microbial community that acts mainly in the maintenance of water quality but also promotes other benefits such as increased productivity, biosafety and serves as a supplementary source of food for reared animals. Two main groups of bacteria are involved in nitrogen removal in this system: heterotrophic bacteria and autotrophic nitrifying bacteria, present in the aggregates. Different fertilization techniques can be used for the formation and maintenance of bioflocs, depending on which group of bacteria the predominance is preferred. This study aimed to analyze the effect of different organic fertilization techniques on the bioflocs establishment, amount of water used, the production of suspended solids and the growth performance of Litopenaeus vannamei reared in the BFT System. Shrimp juveniles were stocked in 150-liter tanks at a stocking density of 300 shrimps/m³. Three treatments (in triplicate) were tested using different fertilization techniques: 1) without supplementary organic fertilization; 2) organic fertilization according to nominal ammonia reading (heterotrophic/chemoautotrophic = “mixed” system) and 3) organic fertilization according to estimated ammonia production (heterotrophic). The temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, pH, ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, alkalinity and total suspended solids (TSS) of the water were monitored. The water quality parameters were influenced by the treatments with differences found in the concentrations of ammonia, nitrite, nitrate, pH, alkalinity and TSS. Ammonia levels were higher in control treatment since no organic fertilization was performed. Nitrite levels were lower in heterotrophic system since the nitrifying pathway was suppressed due to daily fertilization, also resulting in lower nitrate levels. There were significant differences in the growth performance parameters, with the highest final weight and yield, as well as the lowest FCR, found in the mixed treatment. There were no significant differences among survival. The mixed system treatment used less water during production cycle compared to other treatments while the volume of solids removed was almost four times greater in the heterotrophic treatment compared to the others. These results show that adopting a mixed heterotrophic/chemoautotrophic biofloc system improves shrimp growth performance, optimize water use and decrease solids production.

生物絮团技术系统 (BFT) 的特点是刺激微生物群落的发展，该微生物群落主要用于维持水质，但也促进其他好处，如提高生产力、生物安全性，并作为饲养动物的补充食物来源。在该系统中，主要有两类细菌参与脱氮：异养细菌和自养硝化细菌，存在于聚集体中。不同的施肥技术可用于生物絮团的形成和维持，这取决于首选哪种细菌群。本研究旨在分析不同有机施肥技术对生物絮团建立、用水量、悬浮物产生和生长性能的影响。南美白对虾在 BFT 系统中饲养。虾苗被放养在 150 升水箱中，放养密度为 300 只/立方米。使用不同的施肥技术测试了三种处理（一式三份）：1) 没有补充有机肥；2）根据标称氨读数（异养/化学自养=“混合”系统）的有机施肥和3）根据估计的氨产量（异养）进行有机施肥。监测水的温度、盐度、溶解氧、pH、氨、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、碱度和总悬浮固体(TSS)。水质参数受处理的影响，氨、亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、pH 值、碱度和 TSS 的浓度存在差异。由于没有进行有机施肥，因此对照处理中的氨水平较高。由于日常施肥抑制了硝化途径，异养系统中的亚硝酸盐水平较低，这也导致硝酸盐水平较低。在混合处理中发现的生长性能参数存在显着差异，具有最高的最终重量和产量，以及最低的 FCR。存活率无显着差异。与其他处理相比，混合系统处理在生产周期中使用更少的水，而异养处理中去除的固体量几乎是其他处理的四倍。这些结果表明，采用混合异养/化学自养生物絮团系统可提高虾的生长性能，优化用水量并减少固体产量。