The urgency of restoring ecosystems to improve human wellbeing and mitigate climate and biodiversity crises is attracting global attention. The UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration (2021–2030) is a global call to action to support the restoration of degraded ecosystems. And yet, many forest restoration efforts, for instance, have failed to meet restoration goals; indeed, they worsened social precarities and ecological conditions. By merely focusing on symptoms of forest loss and degradation, these interventions have neglected the underlying issues of equity and justice driving forest decline. To address these root causes, thus creating socially just and sustainable solutions, we develop the Political Ecology Playbook for Ecosystem Restoration. We outline a set of ten principles for achieving long-lasting, resilient, and equitable ecosystem restoration. These principles are guided by political ecology, a framework that addresses environmental concerns from a broadly political economic perspective, attending to power, politics, and equity within specific geographic and historical contexts. Drawing on the chain of explanation, this multi-scale, cross-landscapes Playbook aims to produce healthy relationships between people and nature that are ecologically, socially, and economically just – and thus sustainable and resilient – while recognizing the political nature of such relationships. We argue that the Political Ecology Playbook should guide ecosystem restoration worldwide.

恢复生态系统以改善人类福祉并缓解气候和生物多样性危机的紧迫性正在引起全球关注。联合国生态系统恢复十年（2021-2030）呼吁全球采取行动，支持退化生态系统的恢复。然而，例如，许多森林恢复工作未能达到恢复目标；事实上，它们加剧了社会不稳定和生态状况。通过仅仅关注森林丧失和退化的症状，这些干预措施忽略了导致森林减少的公平和正义的根本问题。为了解决这些根本原因，从而创造社会公正和可持续的解决方案，我们制定了生态系统恢复政治生态手册。我们概述了实现持久、有弹性、和公平的生态系统恢复。这些原则以政治生态学为指导，政治生态学是一个从广泛的政治经济角度解决环境问题的框架，关注特定地理和历史背景下的权力、政治和公平。画在解释链，这个多尺度、跨景观的剧本旨在在人与自然之间建立健康的生态、社会和经济关系——从而可持续和有弹性——同时认识到这种关系的政治性质。我们认为，政治生态手册应该指导全世界的生态系统恢复。