Nickel nanoparticles (Ni NPs) have a wide range of application prospects, however there is still a lack of their safety evaluation for the reproductive system. Nowadays, male reproductive health has been widely concerned for the increasing incidence of male infertility. To investigate the male reproductive toxicity induced by Ni NPs and its relation with the mitochondrial fission and mitophagy, male mice were administered with or without 5, 15, and 45 mg/kg of Ni NPs by intratracheal instillation. At the end of intervention, sex hormone level, sperm abnormality rate, pathological morphology of testis, cell apoptosis and the expression levels of Drp1, Pink1 and Parkin proteins in testis tissues were detected. The results indicated that the rate of sperm deformity and serum levels of reproductive hormones increased obviously with the increasing concentrations of Ni NPs. Testicular spermatogenic cells were damaged and the number of apoptotic cells increased significantly. Furthermore, the expressions of key proteins (Drp1, Pink1 and Parkin) related to mitochondrial fission/autophagy in testis tissues also increased after exposure to Ni NPs. Collectively, mitochondria damage may play an important role in male mice reproductive toxicity induced by the intratracheal instillation of Ni NPs.

镍纳米粒子（Ni NPs）具有广泛的应用前景，但仍缺乏对生殖系统的安全性评价。如今，男性不育症的发病率不断上升，男性生殖健康受到广泛关注。为了研究 Ni NPs 诱导的雄性生殖毒性及其与线粒体裂变和线粒体自噬的关系，通过气管内滴注给予雄性小鼠 5、15 和 45 mg/kg 的 Ni NPs。干预结束时检测性激素水平、精子异常率、睾丸病理形态、细胞凋亡及睾丸组织中Drp1、Pink1、Parkin蛋白的表达水平。结果表明，随着Ni NPs浓度的增加，精子畸形率和血清生殖激素水平明显升高。睾丸生精细胞受损，凋亡细胞数量明显增加。此外，暴露于镍纳米粒子后，睾丸组织中与线粒体裂变/自噬相关的关键蛋白（Drp1、Pink1 和 Parkin）的表达也增加。总的来说，线粒体损伤可能在气管内滴注 Ni NPs 诱导的雄性小鼠生殖毒性中起重要作用。与睾丸组织中线粒体裂变/自噬相关的 Pink1 和 Parkin）在暴露于 Ni NPs 后也增加。总的来说，线粒体损伤可能在气管内滴注 Ni NPs 诱导的雄性小鼠生殖毒性中起重要作用。与睾丸组织中线粒体裂变/自噬相关的 Pink1 和 Parkin）在暴露于 Ni NPs 后也增加。总的来说，线粒体损伤可能在气管内滴注 Ni NPs 诱导的雄性小鼠生殖毒性中起重要作用。