Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) sensors are a prominent means to detect biological and chemical analytes and to investigate biomolecular interactions in various fields. However, the performance of SPR sensors is ultimately limited by ohmic loss, which substantially weakens the resonance signal and broadens the response linewidth. Recent studies have shown that ohmic loss can be fully compensated in plasmonic nanolasers, which leads to a novel class of lasing-enhanced surface plasmon resonance (LESPR) sensors with improved sensing performance. In this paper, we detail the underlying physical mechanisms of LESPR sensors and present their implementation in various sensing devices. We review recent progress on their applications, particularly for refractive index sensing, gas detection and biological imaging, labeling, tracking, and diagnosis. We then summarize the review and highlight remaining challenges of LESPR sensing technology.

中文翻译：

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激光增强表面等离子体共振光谱和传感

表面等离子体共振 (SPR) 传感器是检测生物和化学分析物以及研究各个领域生物分子相互作用的重要手段。然而，SPR 传感器的性能最终受到欧姆损耗的限制，这大大削弱了共振信号并加宽了响应线宽。最近的研究表明，可以在等离子体纳米激光器中完全补偿欧姆损耗，从而产生一类具有改进传感性能的新型激光增强表面等离子体共振 (LESPR) 传感器。在本文中，我们详细介绍了 LESPR 传感器的基本物理机制，并介绍了它们在各种传感设备中的实现。我们回顾了它们应用的最新进展，特别是在折射率传感、气体检测和生物成像、标记、跟踪和诊断方面。