Orally ingestible medical devices offer significant opportunity in the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal conditions. Their development necessitates the use of models that simulate the gastrointestinal environment on both a macro and micro scale. An evolution in scientific technology has enabled a wide range of in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo models to be developed that replicate the gastrointestinal tract. This review describes the landscape of the existing range of in vitro tools that are available to characterize ingestible devices. Models are presented with details on their benefits and limitations with regards to the evaluation of ingestible devices and examples of their use in the evaluation of such devices is presented where available. The multitude of models available provides a suite of tools that can be used in the evaluation of ingestible devices that should be selected on the functionality of the device and the mechanism of its function.

口服可摄入的医疗器械为胃肠道疾病的诊断和治疗提供了重要的机会。他们的发展需要使用在宏观和微观尺度上模拟胃肠环境的模型。科学技术的发展使得能够开发出广泛的体外、离体和体内模型来复制胃肠道。本综述描述了可用于表征可摄入设备的现有体外工具范围的概况。模型详细介绍了它们在评估可摄入设备方面的优势和局限性，并在可用的情况下提供了它们在评估此类设备中的使用示例。