In the electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensing research field, nano-scale organic emitters (NOEs) have shown many advantages, such as high luminescence efficiency, adjustable and controllable emission, multicolor ECL and aggregation-induced ECL. However, there were a few reviews focused on the NOEs-based ECL sensor. This paper summarized the development of NOEs as ECL emitters based on the perspective of the basic functional organic molecules. According to the different conjugated systems, NOEs were mainly divided into the fused ring aromatics-based nanomaterials, heterocyclic unit-based nanoemitters, tetraphenylethylene-based nano-structures, polymer dots and so on. In the rational designed NOEs, the molecular structure and luminescence mechanisms have been discussed. We also introduced the current ECL sensing strategies and applications of NOEs. Finally, the current limitations and potential value of NOEs have been reviewed for the further development of ECL sensor.

在电化学发光（ECL）传感研究领域，纳米级有机发光体（NOE）显示出许多优点，如发光效率高、发射可调可控、多色ECL和聚集诱导ECL。但是，有一些评论侧重于基于 NOE 的 ECL 传感器。本文从基本功能有机分子的角度总结了NOEs作为ECL发射体的发展历程。根据共轭体系的不同，NOEs主要分为稠环芳烃类纳米材料、杂环单元类纳米发射体、四苯基乙烯类纳米结构、聚合物点等。在合理设计的 NOE 中，已经讨论了分子结构和发光机制。我们还介绍了当前的 ECL 感知策略和 NOE 的应用。