Objective. The interrelationship between the heart and kidneys has a great importance in the homeostasis of the cardiovascular system. Heart failure patients present intrarenal arterial hypoperfusion and intrarenal venous congestion due to reduced left ventricle ejection fraction, which triggers numerous neurohormonal factors. The aim of this study was to investigate intrarenal vascularization (arterial and venous), as well as the links between it and systemic congestion and, on the other side, with the mortality in patients with heart failure. Material and Methods. This cross-sectional study was performed on a group of 44 patients with heart failure in different stages of evolution and 44 healthy subjects, matched for age and gender, as controls. Serum natremia, NT-proBNP, and creatinine analyses were performed in all patients and controls. Renal and cardiac ultrasonography was done in all patients and controls, recording intrarenal arterial resistive index (RRI), intrarenal venous flow (IRVF) pattern, renal venous stasis index (RVSI), and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Data are recorded and presented as . Statistical analyses were performed using the Student -test, ANOVA test, and the Pearson correlation. Differences were considered statistically significant at the value of . Results. Hyponatremia was identified in 47.72% of the HF patients. This study revealed correlations between serum natremia and LVEF, NT-proBNP, serum creatinine, interlobar venous RVSI (), and interlobar artery RRI (). Hyponatremia and renal venous congestion represent negative prognostic factors in HF patients. Conclusion. In HF patients, hyponatremia was correlated with cardiac dysfunction and intrarenal venous congestion. Hyponatremia and renal venous congestion represented negative prognostic factors in HF patients.

中文翻译：

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心力衰竭患者的低钠血症和肾静脉充血


客观的。心脏和肾脏之间的相互关系对于心血管系统的稳态非常重要。心力衰竭患者由于左心室射血分数降低而出现肾内动脉灌注不足和肾内静脉充血，从而引发多种神经激素因素。本研究的目的是调查肾内血管化（动脉和静脉），以及它与全身充血之间的联系，以及与心力衰竭患者死亡率之间的联系。材料和方法。这项横断面研究是对 44 名处于不同发展阶段的心力衰竭患者和 44 名年龄和性别相匹配的健康受试者（作为对照）进行的。对所有患者和对照组进行血清钠血症、NT-proBNP 和肌酐分析。对所有患者和对照组进行肾脏和心脏超声检查，记录肾内动脉阻力指数（RRI）、肾内静脉血流（IRVF）模式、肾静脉瘀滞指数（RVSI）和左心室射血分数（LVEF）。数据记录并呈现为 。使用学生进行统计分析-检验、方差分析检验和皮尔逊相关性。差异被认为具有统计显着性 。结果。 47.72% 的心力衰竭患者出现低钠血症。这项研究揭示了血清钠血症与 LVEF、NT-proBNP、血清肌酐、叶间静脉 RVSI 之间的相关性（ ）和叶间动脉 RRI（ ）。低钠血症和肾静脉充血是心力衰竭患者的不良预后因素。结论。在心力衰竭患者中，低钠血症与心功能不全和肾内静脉充血相关。低钠血症和肾静脉充血是心力衰竭患者的不良预后因素。