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Cortical thinning and sleep slow wave activity reductions mediate age-related improvements in cognition during mid-late adolescence
Sleep ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 , DOI: 10.1093/sleep/zsab206
Ju Lynn Ong 1, 2 , S Azrin Jamaluddin 1, 2 , Jesisca Tandi 2 , Nicholas I Y N Chee 1, 2 , Ruth L F Leong 1, 2 , Reto Huber 3, 4 , June C Lo 1, 2 , Michael W L Chee 1, 2
Affiliation  

Study Objectives Gains in cognitive test performance that occur during adolescence are associated with brain maturation. Cortical thinning and reduced sleep slow wave activity (SWA) are markers of such developmental changes. Here we investigate whether they mediate age-related improvements in cognition. Methods 109 adolescents aged 15–19 years (49 males) underwent magnetic resonance imaging, polysomnography (PSG), and a battery of cognitive tasks within a 2-month time window. Cognitive tasks assessed nonverbal intelligence, sustained attention, speed of processing and working memory and executive function. To minimize the effect of sleep history on SWA and cognitive performance, PSG and test batteries were administered only after at least 8 nights of 9-h time-in-bed (TIB) sleep opportunity. Results Age-related improvements in speed of processing (r = 0.33, p = 0.001) and nonverbal intelligence (r = 0.24, p = 0.01) domains were observed. These cognitive changes were associated with reduced cortical thickness, particularly in bilateral temporoparietal regions (rs = −0.21 to −0.45, ps < 0.05), as well as SWA (r = −0.35, p < 0.001). Serial mediation models found that ROIs in the middle/superior temporal cortices, together with SWA mediated the age-related improvement observed on cognition. Conclusions During adolescence, age-related improvements in cognition are mediated by reductions in cortical thickness and sleep SWA.

中文翻译:

皮质变薄和睡眠慢波活动减少介导青春期中后期认知的年龄相关改善

研究目标 青春期认知测试表现的提高与大脑成熟有关。皮质变薄和睡眠慢波活动(SWA)减少是这种发育变化的标志。在这里,我们调查它们是否介导与年龄相关的认知改善。方法 109 名 15-19 岁的青少年(49 名男性)在 2 个月的时间窗口内接受了磁共振成像、多导睡眠图 (PSG) 和一系列认知任务。认知任务评估非语言智力、持续注意力、处理速度和工作记忆以及执行功能。为了尽量减少睡眠史对 SWA 和认知能力的影响,PSG 和测试电池仅在至少 8 晚 9 小时卧床时间 (TIB) 睡眠机会后进行。结果 观察到与年龄相关的处理速度(r = 0.33,p = 0.001)和非语言智力(r = 0.24,p = 0.01)域的改进。这些认知变化与皮质厚度减少有关,特别是在双侧颞顶区域(rs = -0.21 至 -0.45,ps < 0.05)以及 SWA(r = -0.35,p < 0.001)。系列中介模型发现,中/上颞叶皮质中的 ROIs 与 SWA 一起调节了在认知上观察到的与年龄相关的改善。结论 在青春期,与年龄相关的认知改善是由皮质厚度和睡眠 SWA 的减少介导的。特别是在双侧颞顶区域(rs = -0.21 至 -0.45,ps < 0.05)以及 SWA(r = -0.35,p < 0.001)。系列中介模型发现,中/上颞叶皮质中的 ROIs 与 SWA 一起调节了在认知上观察到的与年龄相关的改善。结论 在青春期,与年龄相关的认知改善是由皮质厚度和睡眠 SWA 的减少介导的。特别是在双侧颞顶区域(rs = -0.21 至 -0.45,ps < 0.05)以及 SWA(r = -0.35,p < 0.001)。系列中介模型发现,中/上颞叶皮质中的 ROIs 与 SWA 一起调节了在认知上观察到的与年龄相关的改善。结论 在青春期,与年龄相关的认知改善是由皮质厚度和睡眠 SWA 的减少介导的。
更新日期:2021-08-11
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