Topics in Current Chemistry ( IF 7.1 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 , DOI: 10.1007/s41061-021-00348-4 Valentina Villari 1 , Norberto Micali 1 , Angelo Nicosia 2 , Placido Mineo 1, 2
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This review arises from the need to rationalize the huge amount of information on the structural and spectroscopic properties of a peculiar class of porphyrin derivatives—the non-ionic PEGylated porphyrins—collected during almost two decades of research. The lack of charged groups in the molecular architecture of these porphyrin derivatives is the leitmotif of the work and plays an outstanding role in highlighting those interactions between porphyrins, or between porphyrins and target molecules (e.g., hydrophobic-, hydrogen bond related-, and coordination-interactions, to name just a few) that are often masked by stronger electrostatic contributions. In addition, it is exactly these weaker interactions between porphyrins that make the aggregated forms more prone to couple efficiently with external perturbative fields like weak hydrodynamic vortexes or temperature gradients. In the absence of charge, solubility in water is very often achieved by covalent functionalization of the porphyrin ring with polyethylene glycol chains. Various modifications, including of chain length or the number of chains, the presence of a metal atom in the porphyrin core, or having two or more porphyrin rings in the molecular architecture, result in a wide range of properties. These encompass self-assembly with different aggregate morphology, molecular recognition of biomolecules, and different photophysical responses, which can be translated into numerous promising applications in the sensing and biomedical field, based on turn-on/turn-off fluorescence and on photogeneration of radical species.
Graphic Abstract
中文翻译：
水溶性非离子聚乙二醇化卟啉：用于基础科学和应用的通用染料类别
这篇综述源于需要对在近二十年的研究中收集的一类特殊卟啉衍生物——非离子聚乙二醇化卟啉——的结构和光谱特性的大量信息进行合理化。这些卟啉衍生物的分子结构中缺乏带电基团是这项工作的主旨，并在突出卟啉之间或卟啉与目标分子之间的相互作用（例如，疏水-、氢键相关-和配位）方面发挥了突出作用。 -相互作用，仅举几例）通常被更强的静电贡献所掩盖。此外，正是卟啉之间这些较弱的相互作用使聚合形式更容易与外部扰动场（如弱流体动力涡旋或温度梯度）有效耦合。在没有电荷的情况下，在水中的溶解度通常是通过卟啉环与聚乙二醇链的共价官能化来实现的。各种修饰，包括链长或链数的改变、卟啉核中金属原子的存在，或在分子结构中具有两个或多个卟啉环，都会产生广泛的性质。这些包括具有不同聚集形态的自组装、生物分子的分子识别和不同的光物理响应，可以转化为传感和生物医学领域的众多有前景的应用，
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