ABSTRACT

Introduction

Taenia solium infection is among the 17 most neglected tropical diseases identified by World Health Organization and to be eradicated by 2030. This parasite infects the central nervous system (Neurocysticercosis [NCC]) and intestine [Taeniasis]). NCC is the most frequent cause of acquired epilepsy in endemic regions and Taeniasis is responsible for the widespread malnutrition and abdominal discomfort among children. Epilepsy caused by T. solium is preventable and the total elimination of NCC can be achieved by good hygiene, mass therapy, and most importantly vaccination of pigs or humans. Vaccine for pig is available but not widely in use and for humans it’s still elusive.

Area covered

Several vaccine candidates for porcine cysticercosis have been tried like TSOL18, SP3Vac, KETc7, TSOL45, etc. with good success in the limited field trial. This review highlights some seminal contributions for the anti-cestode vaccine, the associated challenges, current status, suggestive future directions, and the need of vaccine for human use.

Expert opinion

Though several vaccines are available, none is being widely used due to lack of awareness, economic constraints, accessibility, etc. Hence, there is a need for a newer, economic, and reliable vaccine for humans or pigs use to reduce the disease burden.

中文翻译：

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一种被忽视的热带疾病猪绦虫囊尾蚴病疫苗：为根除一切困难而战

摘要

介绍

猪带绦虫感染是世界卫生组织确定的 17 种最被忽视的热带疾病之一，将在 2030 年前根除。这种寄生虫感染中枢神经系统（神经囊尾蚴病 [NCC]）和肠道 [绦虫病]）。NCC 是流行地区获得性癫痫的最常见原因，而绦虫病是儿童普遍营养不良和腹部不适的原因。T. solium引起的癫痫是可以预防的，通过良好的卫生、大规模治疗以及最重要的猪或人类疫苗接种可以完全消除 NCC。猪的疫苗是可用的，但没有广泛使用，对人类来说仍然难以捉摸。

覆盖面积

已经尝试了几种猪囊尾蚴病候选疫苗，如 TSOL18、SP3Vac、KETc7、TSOL45 等，在有限的现场试验中取得了良好的成功。这篇综述重点介绍了抗绦虫疫苗的一些开创性贡献、相关挑战、现状、具有启发性的未来方向以及人类使用疫苗的需求。

专家意见

尽管有几种疫苗可用，但由于缺乏认识、经济限制、可及性等，没有一种被广泛使用。因此，需要一种更新的、经济的和可靠的疫苗，用于人类或猪，以减轻疾病负担。