Human immunodeficiency virus-related decreases in corpus callosal integrity and corresponding increases in functional connectivity,Human Brain Mapping

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Human immunodeficiency virus-related decreases in corpus callosal integrity and corresponding increases in functional connectivity
Human Brain Mapping ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-12 , DOI: 10.1002/hbm.25592
Shana A Hall ₁ , Ryan P Bell ₁ , Simon W Davis ₂ , Sheri L Towe ₁ , Taylor P Ikner ₁ , Christina S Meade _{1,

3}

Affiliation

People living with human immunodeficiency virus (PLWH) often have neurocognitive impairment. However, findings on HIV-related differences in brain network function underlying these impairments are inconsistent. One principle frequently absent from these reports is that brain function is largely emergent from brain structure. PLWH commonly have degraded white matter; we hypothesized that functional communities connected by degraded white matter tracts would show abnormal functional connectivity. We measured white matter integrity in 69 PLWH and 67 controls using fractional anisotropy (FA) in 24 intracerebral white matter tracts. Then, among tracts with degraded FA, we identified gray matter regions connected to these tracts and measured their functional connectivity during rest. Finally, we identified cognitive impairment related to these structural and functional connectivity systems. We found HIV-related decreased FA in the corpus callosum body (CCb), which coordinates activity between the left and right hemispheres, and corresponding increases in functional connectivity. Finally, we found that individuals with impaired cognitive functioning have lower CCb FA and higher CCb functional connectivity. This result clarifies the functional relevance of the corpus callosum in HIV and provides a framework in which abnormal brain function can be understood in the context of abnormal brain structure, which may both contribute to cognitive impairment.

中文翻译：

人类免疫缺陷病毒相关的胼胝体完整性降低和功能连接性相应增加

人类免疫缺陷病毒 (PLWH) 感染者通常会出现神经认知障碍。然而，关于这些损伤背后的与艾滋病毒相关的大脑网络功能差异的研究结果并不一致。这些报告经常忽略的一项原则是，大脑功能很大程度上是由大脑结构产生的。 PLWH 通常有白质退化；我们假设由退化的白质束连接的功能群落会表现出异常的功能连接。我们使用 24 个脑内白质束的分数各向异性 (FA) 测量了 69 名感染者和 67 名对照者的白质完整性。然后，在 FA 退化的纤维束中，我们确定了与这些纤维束相连的灰质区域，并测量了它们在休息时的功能连接性。最后，我们确定了与这些结构和功能连接系统相关的认知障碍。我们发现胼胝体 (CCb) 中与 HIV 相关的 FA 减少，胼胝体负责协调左右半球之间的活动，并且功能连接性相应增加。最后，我们发现认知功能受损的个体具有较低的 CCb FA 和较高的 CCb 功能连接。这一结果阐明了胼胝体在艾滋病毒中的功能相关性，并提供了一个框架，可以在异常的大脑结构的背景下理解异常的大脑功能，这都可能导致认知障碍。

更新日期：2021-09-19

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