Abstract

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE:

Monitoring recovery process of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients released from hospital is crucial for exploring residual effects of COVID-19 and beneficial for clinical care. In this study, a comprehensive analysis was carried out to clarify residual effects of COVID-19 on hospital discharged patients.

METHODS:

Two hundred sixty-eight cases with laboratory measured data at hospital discharge record and five follow-up visits were retrospectively collected to carry out statistical data analysis comprehensively, which includes multiple statistical methods (e.g., chi-square, T-test and regression) used in this study.

RESULTS:

Study found that 13 of 21 hematologic parameters in laboratory measured dataset and volume ratio of right lung lesions on CT images highly associated with COVID-19. Moderate patients had statistically significant lower neutrophils than mild and severe patients after hospital discharge, which is probably caused by more efforts on severe patients and slightly neglection of moderate patients. COVID-19 has residual effects on neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) of patients who have hypertension or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). After released from hospital, female showed better performance in T lymphocytes subset cells, especially T helper lymphocyte%(16%higher than male). According to this sex-based differentiation of COVID-19, male should be recommended to take clinical test more frequently to monitor recovery of immune system. Patients over 60 years old showed unstable recovery process of immune cells (e.g., CD45 + lymphocyte) within 75 days after discharge requiring longer clinical care. Additionally, right lung was vulnerable to COVID-19 and required more time to recover than left lung.

CONCLUSIONS:

Criterion of hospital discharge and strategy of clinical care should be flexible in different cases due to residual effects of COVID-19, which depend on several impact factors. Revealing remaining effects of COVID-19 is an effective way to eliminate disorder of mental health caused by COVID-19 infection.

中文翻译：

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268例COVID-19肺炎患者出院后实验室测量值的纵向变化

摘要

背景和目的：

监测出院的 2019 年冠状病毒病 (COVID-19) 患者的康复过程对于探索 COVID-19 的残留影响和有益于临床护理至关重要。在本研究中，进行了综合分析，以阐明 COVID-19 对出院患者的残留影响。

方法：

回顾性收集268例出院记录和5次随访的实验室测量数据，进行综合统计数据分析，包括使用多种统计方法（如卡方、T检验和回归）在这个研究中。

结果：

研究发现，实验室测量数据集中的 21 个血液学参数中的 13 个和 CT 图像上右肺病变的体积比与 COVID-19 高度相关。中度患者出院后中性粒细胞显着低于轻度和重度患者，这可能是对重度患者的更多努力和对中度患者的轻微忽视造成的。COVID-19 对患有高血压或慢性阻​​塞性肺病 (COPD) 的患者的中性粒细胞与淋巴细胞比率 (NLR) 有残留影响。出院后女性T淋巴细胞亚群表现更好，尤其是T辅助淋巴细胞%（比男性高16%）。根据 COVID-19 的这种基于性别的分化，应建议男性更频繁地进行临床测试，以监测免疫系统的恢复情况。60岁以上的患者出院后75天内免疫细胞（如CD45+淋巴细胞）的恢复过程不稳定，需要更长时间的临床护理。此外，右肺容易感染 COVID-19，比左肺需要更多时间来恢复。

结论：

由于 COVID-19 的残留影响，出院标准和临床护理策略在不同情况下应该灵活，这取决于几个影响因素。揭示 COVID-19 的剩余影响是消除由 COVID-19 感染引起的心理健康障碍的有效方法。