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Cannabis use is associated with lower retention in methadone maintenance treatment, but not among schizophrenic- and other chronically psychotic patients
Journal of Addictive Diseases ( IF 1.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-11 , DOI: 10.1080/10550887.2021.1962209
Ilan Volkov 1 , Shaul Schreiber 1, 2, 3, 4 , Miriam Adelson 2 , Stacy Shoshan 2, 3 , Einat Peles 2, 3, 4
Affiliation  

Abstract

Background:

The findings of studies on cannabis use and retention in methadone maintenance treatment (MMT) are inconsistent.

Objectives:

To study cannabis use and its relationship to patients’ outcomes in MMT with/without lifetime DSM-IV-TR schizophrenia/chronic-psychosis diagnosis.

Methods:

Since June 1993, 877 patients with available lifetime DSM-IV-TR psychiatric diagnosis were followed-up until December 2017. Urine drug screens on admission and after one year were analyzed.

Results:

Lifetime schizophrenia/psychosis was diagnosed in 50 (5.7%) patients. They did not differ from the other 827 by admission cannabis use (18.0% vs. 12.3%) and had similar 1-year retention rates (76.0% vs.77.0%, respectively). Cumulative retention of the cohort excluding schizophrenia/chronic-psychosis was longer for the 667 patients who did not use cannabis after 1-year (9.1 years, 95%CI 8.4-9.9) compared with the 118 cannabis-users after 1-year (6.0 years, 95% CI 4.8-7.2, p<.001). Among the schizophrenia/chronic-psychosis group, cannabis was not related to retention (38 non-users, 7.9 years 95%CI 5.2-10.5 vs. 9 cannabis-users, 9.9 years, 95% CI 3.8-16.0, p=.5). Survival was shorter for the 41 schizophrenia/chronic-psychosis non-users (15.2 years, 95% CI 12.8-17.7) than for the 719 non-schizophrenia/chronic-psychosis non-users (18.5, 95%CI 17.9-19.2, p = 0.009). However, survival was comparable among the 9 cannabis-users with schizophrenia/chronic-psychosis (20.1, 95% CI 16.2-24.1) and 101 other cohort users (18.6, 95% CI 16.9-20.4).

Conclusions:

Cannabis use is associated with decreased retention among MMT patients, however the effects of cannabis on schizophrenia/psychosis patients on retention and survival cannot be verified due to the small sample size and the limited data regarding chronicity of cannabis use. Future larger, prospective studies are needed.



中文翻译:

大麻的使用与美沙酮维持治疗的较低保留有关,但与精神分裂症和其他慢性精神病患者无关

摘要

背景:

在美沙酮维持治疗 (MMT) 中使用和保留大麻的研究结果不一致。

目标:

研究大麻的使用及其与 MMT 患者结局的关系,有/无终生 DSM-IV-TR 精神分裂症/慢性精神病诊断。

方法:

自 1993 年 6 月以来,对 877 名具有可用终生 DSM-IV-TR 精神病诊断的患者进行了随访,直至 2017 年 12 月。对入院时和一年后的尿液药物筛查进行了分析。

结果:

50 名 (5.7%) 患者被诊断出终生精神分裂症/精神病。他们与其他 827 人在入院时使用大麻没有区别(18.0% 对 12.3%),并且具有相似的 1 年保留率(分别为 76.0% 对 77.0%)。与 118 名大麻使用者在 1 年后(6.0年, 95% CI 4.8-7.2, p<.001)。在精神分裂症/慢性精神病组中,大麻与保留无关(38 名非使用者,7.9 年 95%CI 5.2-10.5 对 9 名大麻使用者,9.9 年,95%CI 3.8-16.0,p=0.5 )。41 名精神分裂症/慢性精神病非使用者(15.2 年,95% CI 12.8-17.7)的生存期短于 719 名非精神分裂症/慢性精神病非使用者(18.5,95%CI 17. 9-19.2,p = 0.009)。然而,9 名患有精神分裂症/慢性精神病的大麻使用者 (20.1, 95% CI 16.2-24.1) 和 101 名其他队列使用者 (18.6, 95% CI 16.9-20.4) 的生存率相当。

结论:

大麻的使用与 MMT 患者的留存率降低有关,但由于样本量小和大麻长期使用的数据有限,大麻对精神分裂症/精神病患者的留存率和生存率的影响无法得到证实。未来需要更大的前瞻性研究。

更新日期:2021-08-11
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