This paper investigates the relationship between energy consumption and income inequality in an unbalanced panel of 144 countries over the period 1990–2018. Using fixed effect and instrumental variable panel methods and controlling for other determinants of inequality, I find a large and strong negative relationship between energy use and income inequality. The paper also demonstrates that results hold for models which divide the total sample into subsamples of economic blocs and regions. In addition, greater energy use reduces the income share of the top 10% and increases the share of the bottom 40%.

中文翻译：

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收入不平等和能源使用的面板分析

本文调查了 1990-2018 年期间 144 个国家的不平衡面板中能源消耗与收入不平等之间的关系。使用固定效应和工具变量面板方法并控制不平等的其他决定因素，我发现能源使用和收入不平等之间存在巨大而强烈的负相关。该论文还表明，结果适用于将总样本划分为经济集团和地区子样本的模型。此外，更多的能源使用减少了收入最高的 10% 的收入份额，并增加了收入最低的 40% 的收入份额。