To investigate the genetic effects on the population of Coreius guichenoti of dam constructions in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, we analyzed the genetic diversity and population structure of 12 populations collected in 2009 and 2019 using mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control regions. There was no significant difference in genetic diversity between 2009 and 2019 (P > 0.05), but the population structure tended to become stronger. Genetic differentiation (FST) among five populations (LX, BB, YB, SF and JA) collected in 2009 was not significant (P > 0.05). However, some populations collected in 2019 were significantly differentiated (P < 0.05), indicating that the population structure has undergone change. A correlation analysis showed that the genetic diversity of the seven populations collected in 2019 was significantly negatively correlated with geographical height (r = −0.808, P = 0.028), indicating that the populations at high elevations were more vulnerable than those at low elevations. In order to prevent the further decrease of genetic diversity and population resources, some conservation and restoration suggestions, such as fish passage and artificial breeding, are put forward.

中文翻译：

---

Coreius guichenoti 的动态遗传多样性和种群结构

为研究长江上游大坝建设对科氏鲟种群的遗传影响，我们利用线粒体DNA（mtDNA）控制区分析了2009年和2019年收集的12个种群的遗传多样性和种群结构。2009年与2019年遗传多样性差异不显着（P > 0.05），但种群结构趋于加强。2009 年采集的 5 个种群（LX、BB、YB、SF 和 JA）之间的遗传分化（FST）不显着（P > 0.05）。但2019年采集的部分种群出现显着分化（P < 0.05），表明种群结构发生了变化。相关分析表明，2019年采集的7个种群的遗传多样性与地理高度呈显着负相关（r = -0.808，P = 0.028），表明高海拔种群比低海拔种群更脆弱。为防止遗传多样性和种群资源的进一步减少，提出了鱼类传代、人工繁育等保护和恢复建议。