Background:

The development of colon cancer has been described as a multistep process of carcinogenesis. Understanding molecular and cellular changes underlying this process is required to determine potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets in colon cancers. Several molecular entities, including glypicans, are implicated in cancer development. Among these is glypican-6, which is overexpressed in a limited number of cancers. This study aims to characterise the glypican-6 expression in different types of colon cancer.

Methods:

Immunohistochemistry was used to characterise glypican-6 expression in a panel of archived formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded colon tissue types. These types included 39 normal colon tissues, 10 colon tubular adenomas, 60 colon adenocarcinomas without metastasis and 60 colon adenocarcinomas with metastasis. Glypican-6 expression relation to demographic and clinicopathologic features was also examined.

Results:

Glypican-6 was strongly expressed in benign, primary and metastatic colon tumours. Normal tissue samples exhibited low to undetectable levels of glypican-6. A significantly high glypican-6 expression was displayed in colon cancers with lymph node metastasis, high depth of invasion, distant metastasis, high histological grades and late stages of the disease (P < 0.05). Importantly, a significant differential in glypican-6 expression was found between normal tissues and different types of colon cancer tissues. Moreover, the highest glypican-6 expression was more frequently found in metastatic tumours, followed by primary tumours and the least in benign tumours (P < 0.05).

Conclusions:

Selective expression of glypican-6 may establish a basis for potential use as a tissue biomarker or as a novel therapeutic target in treatment of colon cancer.

中文翻译：

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筛选良性、原发性和转移性结肠癌中的 Glypican-6 表达

背景：

结肠癌的发展被描述为一个多步骤的致癌过程。需要了解这一过程背后的分子和细胞变化，以确定结肠癌的潜在生物标志物和治疗靶点。包括磷脂酰肌醇在内的几种分子实体与癌症发展有关。其中包括 glypican-6，它在有限数量的癌症中过度表达。本研究旨在表征不同类型结肠癌中 glypican-6 的表达。

方法：

免疫组织化学用于表征一组存档的福尔马林固定、石蜡包埋的结肠组织类型中的 glypican-6 表达。这些类型包括39个正常结肠组织、10个结肠管状腺瘤、60个无转移的结肠腺癌和60个有转移的结肠腺癌。还检查了 Glypican-6 表达与人口统计学和临床​​病理学特征的关系。

结果：

Glypican-6 在良性、原发性和转移性结肠肿瘤中强烈表达。正常组织样本表现出低到无法检测到的 glypican-6 水平。glypican-6在有淋巴结转移、浸润深度、远处转移、组织学分级高、疾病晚期的结肠癌中呈显着高表达（P  < 0.05）。重要的是，在正常组织和不同类型的结肠癌组织之间发现了 glypican-6 表达的显着差异。此外，glypican-6在转移性肿瘤中的表达最高，原发性肿瘤次之，良性肿瘤最低（P  < 0.05）。

结论：

glypican-6 的选择性表达可能为作为组织生物标志物或作为治疗结肠癌的新治疗靶点的潜在用途奠定基础。