Warp knitting technology is a fabric-forming technologies that is very suitable to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) auxetic fabrics due to its high efficiency and powerful pattern designing possibilities. In this study, two typical auxetic geometries, namely the re-entrant hexagonal network and rotating square solids, were selected as the design prototypes for the design and manufacture of 3D warp-knitted spacer fabrics. While two 3D warp-knitted spacer fabric structures with representative units of different sizes designed based on the re-entrant hexagonal geometry were manufactured by using a RD7 double needle bar Raschel machine with seven yarn guide bars, two 3D jacquard warp-knitted spacer fabrics with different base fabric structures designed based on the rotating squares geometry were fabricated by using a RDPJ4/2 double needle bar jacquard machine with two ground yarn guide bars and four jacquard guide bars. The Poisson’s ratios of these 3D warp-knitted fabrics in the course direction and wale direction were evaluated respectively through constant-rate tensile tests. The results revealed that the re-entrant hexagonal fabric structure with double chain stitches has auxetic behavior across a wide range of tensile strains along the course direction, while the rotating square fabric structure with elastic chain stitches as the base is auxetic within a narrow range of tensile strains along the wale direction. The study provides an alternative method to directly produce auxetic warp-knitted spacer fabrics through a single knitting process instead of using an additional post-compression and heat-setting process.

经编技术是一种织物成型技术，由于其高效率和强大的花型设计可能性，非常适合制造三维（3D）拉胀织物。在这项研究中，两种典型的拉胀几何形状，即重入六边形网络和旋转方形实体，被选为设计和制造 3D 经编间隔织物的设计原型。使用具有七个导纱杆的RD7双针杆拉舍尔机器制造了两种具有基于重入六边形几何形状的具有不同尺寸代表性单元的3D经编间隔织物结构，采用RDPJ4/2双针杆提花机，采用两根地纱导杆和四根提花导杆，制作了两种基于旋转方格几何设计的不同基布结构的3D提花经编间隔织物。通过恒速拉伸试验分别评估这些3D经编织物在横列方向和纵行方向的泊松比。结果表明，具有双链式线迹的凹入六边形织物结构在沿横向的拉伸应变范围内具有较大的拉胀行为，而以弹性链式线迹为基础的旋转方形织物结构在较窄的拉应变范围内具有拉胀性。沿纵行方向的拉伸应变。