In the tire industry, the incorporation of natural origin oils in the development of elastomeric formulations has been one of the alternatives to reduce the use of petroleum derivatives, with a high content of toxic compounds. In this work, soybean vegetable oil was investigated as a lubricant and co-activator in sulfur-vulcanized natural rubber compounds. The soybean oil was used in its natural state and chemically modified by the epoxy ring’s introduction in its structure. In an internal mixer a standard formulation of natural rubber, five formulations replacing a conventional aromatic oil and stearic acid by vegetable oil, and a formulation without an activation system were prepared. The natural and epoxidized soybean oil was characterized chemically, and the elastomeric compositions were evaluated by mechanical and rheological analysis. The mechanical properties showed satisfactory results when vegetable soybean oil was used as a lubricant and could be a substitute for conventional aromatic oils, thus guaranteeing reduction of aromatic polycyclic content in the formulations. The crosslink degree and the rheological characteristics of the samples prepared with vegetable soybean oil were similar to the natural rubber standard sample. The formulations without the zinc oxide and stearic acid evidenced the need for activators in the vulcanization reaction, as they presented properties below standard. We verified that the epoxidized soybean oil, even when promoting better dispersion of the fillers, interfered in the crosslink formation, and consequently there was a decrease in the mechanical properties of these formulations. Finally, we indicated vegetable soybean oil as a substitute for aromatic oil and stearic acid, in the elastomeric compositions used to manufacture treads.

在轮胎工业中，在弹性体配方的开发中加入天然来源的油已成为减少石油衍生物使用的替代方法之一，石油衍生物的有毒化合物含量很高。在这项工作中，研究了大豆植物油作为硫磺硫化天然橡胶化合物中的润滑剂和助活化剂。大豆油以其天然状态使用，并通过在其结构中引入环氧环进行化学改性。在密炼机中，制备了天然橡胶的标准配方、用植物油代替传统芳香油和硬脂酸的五种配方以及不含活化系统的配方。对天然和环氧化大豆油进行化学表征，并通过机械和流变分析评估弹性组合物。当植物大豆油用作润滑剂时，机械性能显示出令人满意的结果，可以替代传统的芳香油，从而保证配方中芳香族多环含量的减少。用植物豆油制备的样品的交联度和流变特性与天然橡胶标准样品相似。不含氧化锌和硬脂酸的配方证明在硫化反应中需要活化剂，因为它们的性能低于标准。我们证实，即使在促进填料更好的分散时，环氧化大豆油也会干扰交联的形成，因此这些配方的机械性能会降低。最后，