Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the principal cereal crops grown in Western-Himalayas of India. A set of 105 barley genotypes including 38 two-rowed and 67 six-rowed genotypes were phenotyped for 10 important quantitative traits. The analysis of trait data of pre-harvest sprouting tolerance (PHST), growth, yield and yield contributing traits revealed significant variation in the germplasm and led to the identification of promising candidate genotypes for all the traits. In addition, a set of 96 barley genotypes were subjected to molecular characterization using 14 unlinked SSR markers (7 random and 7 genic SSR markers). The analysis of SSR marker data revealed a total of 67 alleles (range 2 to 8) with an average of 4.78 alleles/locus. While analyzing the data separately for random and genic SSR markers, it was observed that genic SSR markers are slightly less diverse (4.71 alleles/locus) than random genomic SSR markers (4.85 alleles/locus). A set of three markers including two random (XBmac156 and XBmag378) and one genic (XGbm1221) SSR marker detecting 7–8 alleles were found most polymorphic/informative markers for the study of allelic diversity in barley. The clustering of 96 genotypes based on genotypic data categorized all the genotypes into three broad clusters, sub- clusters and sub-sub clusters. The genotypes clustered in three sub-clusters did not show any trait-specific relationship with each other. The overall result of genotypic data analysis indicated moderate-level of genetic diversity in the 96 barley genotypes. The diverse and most promising genotypes identified for different traits during the present study could prove useful in future barley breeding programs worldwide.

大麦（Hordeum vulgareL.) 是印度喜马拉雅西部地区种植的主要谷类作物之一。对 105 个大麦基因型，包括 38 个二棱基因型和 67 个六棱基因型进行了 10 个重要数量性状的表型分析。对收获前发芽耐受性 (PHST)、生长、产量和产量贡献性状的性状数据分析揭示了种质的显着变异，并导致鉴定出所有性状的有希望的候选基因型。此外，使用 14 个未连锁的 SSR 标记（7 个随机和 7 个基因 SSR 标记）对一组 96 个大麦基因型进行了分子表征。SSR 标记数据的分析揭示了总共 67 个等位基因（范围 2 至 8），平均为 4.78 个等位基因/基因座。在分别分析随机和基因 SSR 标记的数据时，据观察，基因 SSR 标记的多样性（4.71 个等位基因/基因座）比随机基因组 SSR 标记（4.85 个等位基因/基因座）稍差。一组三个标记，包括两个随机 (XBmac156和XBmag378）和一种检测 7-8 个等位基因的基因（XGbm1221）SSR 标记被发现是研究大麦等位基因多样性的最多态性/信息性标记。基于基因型数据的 96 种基因型聚类将所有基因型分为三大类，亚类和亚亚类。聚集在三个亚群中的基因型彼此之间没有表现出任何性状特异性关系。基因型数据分析的总体结果表明，96个大麦基因型的遗传多样性处于中等水平。在本研究中为不同性状鉴定的多样化和最有前途的基因型可能在未来世界范围内的大麦育种计划中被证明是有用的。