Retrospective self-report is typically used for diagnosing previous pediatric traumatic brain injury (TBI). A new semi-structured interview instrument (New Mexico Assessment of Pediatric TBI; NewMAP TBI) investigated test–retest reliability for TBI characteristics in both the TBI that qualified for study inclusion and for lifetime history of TBI.

One-hundred and eight-four mTBI (aged 8–18), 156 matched healthy controls (HC), and their parents completed the NewMAP TBI within 11 days (subacute; SA) and 4 months (early chronic; EC) of injury, with a subset returning at 1 year (late chronic; LC).

The test–retest reliability of common TBI characteristics [loss of consciousness (LOC), post-traumatic amnesia (PTA), retrograde amnesia, confusion/disorientation] and post-concussion symptoms (PCS) were examined across study visits. Aside from PTA, binary reporting (present/absent) for all TBI characteristics exhibited acceptable (≥0.60) test–retest reliability for both Qualifying and Remote TBIs across all three visits. In contrast, reliability for continuous data (exact duration) was generally unacceptable, with LOC and PCS meeting acceptable criteria at only half of the assessments. Transforming continuous self-report ratings into discrete categories based on injury severity resulted in acceptable reliability. Reliability was not strongly affected by the parent completing the NewMAP TBI.

Categorical reporting of TBI characteristics in children and adolescents can aid clinicians in retrospectively obtaining reliable estimates of TBI severity up to a year post-injury. However, test–retest reliability is strongly impacted by the initial data distribution, selected statistical methods, and potentially by patient difficulty in distinguishing among conceptually similar medical concepts (i.e., PTA vs. confusion).

回顾性自我报告通常用于诊断既往儿童创伤性脑损伤 (TBI)。一种新的半结构化访谈工具（新墨西哥州儿科 TBI 评估；NewMAP TBI）调查了符合研究纳入资格的 TBI 和 TBI 终生史中 TBI 特征的重测可靠性。

184 名 mTBI（8-18 岁）、156 名匹配的健康对照 (HC) 及其父母在受伤后 11 天（亚急性；SA）和 4 个月（早期慢性；EC）内完成了 NewMAP TBI，其中一个子集在 1 年后返回（晚期慢性；LC）。

在研究访视期间检查了常见 TBI 特征 [意识丧失 (LOC)、创伤后遗忘 (PTA)、逆行性遗忘、精神错乱/迷失方向] 和脑震荡后症状 (PCS) 的重测可靠性。除了 PTA 之外，所有 TBI 特征的二元报告（存在/不存在）在所有 3 次就诊中对于合格 TBI 和远程 TBI 都表现出可接受的（≥0.60）重测可靠性。相比之下，连续数据（确切的持续时间）的可靠性通常是不可接受的，只有一半的评估中 LOC 和 PCS 符合可接受的标准。根据伤害严重程度将连续的自我报告评级转变为离散的类别，从而获得了可接受的可靠性。家长完成 NewMAP TBI 并没有对可靠性产生太大影响。

儿童和青少年 TBI 特征的分类报告可以帮助临床医生回顾性地获得受伤后一年内 TBI 严重程度的可靠估计。然而，重测可靠性受到初始数据分布、所选统计方法以及患者区分概念上相似的医学概念（即 PTA与混淆）的潜在困难的强烈影响。