Wound healing requires cooperation between different cell types, among which macrophages play a central role. In particular, inflammatory macrophages are engaged in the initial response to wounding, and alternatively activated macrophages are essential for wound closure and the resolution of tissue repair. The links between temporal activation-induced changes in the metabolism of such macrophages and the influence this has on their functional states, along with the realization that metabolites play both intrinsic and extrinsic roles in the cells that produce them, has focused attention on the metabolism of wound healing. Here, we discuss macrophage metabolism during distinct stages of normal healing and its related pathologic processes, such as during cancer and fibrosis. Further, we frame these insights in a broader context of the current understanding of macrophage metabolic reprogramming linked to cellular activation and function. Finally, we discuss parallels between the metabolism of macrophages and fibroblasts, the latter being a key stromal cell type in wound healing, and consider the importance of the metabolic interplay between different cell types in the wound microenvironment.

伤口愈合需要不同细胞类型之间的合作，其中巨噬细胞起着核心作用。特别是，炎性巨噬细胞参与了对创伤的初始反应，而激活的巨噬细胞对于伤口闭合和组织修复的解决至关重要。时间激活诱导的巨噬细胞代谢变化及其对其功能状态的影响之间的联系，以及代谢物在产生它们的细胞中发挥内在和外在作用的认识，已将注意力集中在巨噬细胞的代谢上。伤口愈合。在这里，我们讨论了正常愈合的不同阶段及其相关病理过程中的巨噬细胞代谢，例如在癌症和纤维化期间。更远，我们在当前对与细胞激活和功能相关的巨噬细胞代谢重编程的理解的更广泛背景下构建了这些见解。最后，我们讨论了巨噬细胞和成纤维细胞代谢之间的相似性，后者是伤口愈合中的关键基质细胞类型，并考虑了伤口微环境中不同细胞类型之间代谢相互作用的重要性。