Contribution of Regionalized Methane Emissions to Greenhouse Gas Intensity of Natural Gas-Fired Electricity and Carbon Capture in the United States,Environmental Science & Technology Letters

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Contribution of Regionalized Methane Emissions to Greenhouse Gas Intensity of Natural Gas-Fired Electricity and Carbon Capture in the United States
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2021-08-10 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.1c00531
Diana Burns ₁ , Emily Grubert ₁

Affiliation

Natural gas is a fossil fuel primarily comprised of methane, a powerful greenhouse gas. As such, both combustion and direct atmospheric emissions of natural gas contribute to climate change. Natural gas supply chain methane emissions vary substantially based on extraction region and processes, such that natural gas end users experience very different lifecycle greenhouse gas intensities even for similar uses. Methane emissions have relevant implications for decarbonization pathways that use natural gas to generate electricity (with or without carbon capture) or remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere. This Letter combines state-specific estimates of the methane emissions intensity of natural gas supplies with generator-level modeling to estimate the contribution of methane emissions to the greenhouse gas intensity of natural gas-fired electricity and carbon capture in the United States. For existing electricity generation, state-specific methane emissions factors are matched to individual natural gas-fired generators to estimate the [minimum, maximum] range for the carbon dioxide equivalent contribution of methane (100-year global warming potential = 29.8) relative to direct carbon dioxide emissions by balancing authority ([15%, 48%]), utility ([13%, 48%]), and the North American Electric Reliability Corporation region ([16%, 36%]). Methane emissions constrain the greenhouse gas avoidance or removal potential of natural-gas-fired carbon capture.

中文翻译：

区域化甲烷排放对美国天然气发电和碳捕获的温室气体强度的贡献

天然气是一种主要由甲烷组成的化石燃料，甲烷是一种强大的温室气体。因此，天然气的燃烧和直接大气排放都会导致气候变化。天然气供应链甲烷排放量因开采区域和工艺而异，因此即使使用类似，天然气最终用户也会经历非常不同的生命周期温室气体强度。甲烷排放对使用天然气发电（有或没有碳捕获）或从大气中去除二氧化碳的脱碳途径具有相关影响。这封信结合了特定州对天然气供应的甲烷排放强度的估计与发电机级模型，以估计甲烷排放对美国天然气发电和碳捕获的温室气体强度的贡献。对于现有发电，州特定的甲烷排放因子与单个天然气发电机相匹配，以估计甲烷（100 年全球变暖潜能值 = 29.8）相对于直接排放的二氧化碳当量贡献的 [最小值、最大值] 范围平衡当局（[15%, 48%]）、公用事业（[13%, 48%]）和北美电力可靠性公司地区（[16%, 36%]）的二氧化碳排放量。

更新日期：2021-09-14

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